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0.69 (0.36-1.2)

0.85 (0.59-1.2)

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0.77 (0.43-1.3)

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0.89 (0.61-1.3)

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0.99 (0.02-5.5)

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1.6 (0.32-4.5)

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0.48 (0.16-1.1)

1.62 (0.78-3.0)

0.91 (0.51-1.5)

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0.89 (0.55-1.4)

1.3 (0.84-1.8)

1.1 (0.79-1.4)

2mGˆÈã

1.7 (0.21-6.2)

0.80 (0.02-4.5)

1.2 (0.26-3.6)

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0.1-1.9mG

0.83 (0.64-1.1)

1.07 (0.83-1.4)

0.94 (0.79-1.1)

2mGˆÈã

2.0 (0.88-4.0)

0.86 (0.18-2.5)

1.5 (0.74-2.7)

 

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Œ‹‰Ê@Œ´•¶‚Ì•\‚S@‘—“dü‚©‚ç‚ÌŒvŽZŽ¥ŠE’l‚ÆŠà‚̃ŠƒXƒN

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RR

n

RR

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all

278

20

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26

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AML

58

5

1.0 (0.4-2.5)

9

1.7 (0.8-3.5)

 

CML

45

2

1.4 (0.5-3.3)

7

1.7 (0.7-3.8)

 

CLL

116

8

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7

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all

192

18

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12

0.7 (0.4-1.3)

 

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60

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2

0.4 (0.1-1.3)

 

“¯ã 3-4

132

15

1.4 (0.8-2.5)

10

0.8 (0.4-1.7)

 


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2.3 (1.0-4.6)

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48

0.7 (0.1-2.6)

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114

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61

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139

1.3 (0.6-2.5)

0.8 (0.4-1.7)

0.8 (0.3-1.9)

 

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‚VD ‰p‘‚̬Ž™Šà‚ÆŽ¥ŠE‚ÌŒ¤‹†

Œ ˆÐ‚Ì‚ ‚éLancet‚ÌŒfÚ˜_•¶‚Å‚·.

˜_•¶FExposure to Power-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of children cancer
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFUK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators 
ŒfÚŽFTHE LANCET  Vol. 354 December 4A 1999 P1925-1931 

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ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽèB@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬F@2003-4-7

ŒfÚŽFBritish Journal of CancerA December 2000A Volume 83A Number 11A Pages 1573-1580
˜_•¶–¼FChildhood cancer and residential proximity to power lines
@@@@@‘—“dü‹ß–T‚ÌZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎥ŠE–\˜I‚ƬŽ™‚ªƒ“@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFU.K. Childhood Cancer Study Investigators
 Writing Committee J Skinner East Anglia region; MP Maslanyj; TJ Mee and SG Allen National Radiological Protection Board; J Simpson Leukemia Research Fund Data Management Processing Group; E Roman South Midlands region; NE Day East Anglia region
@

Abstract
@ŠT—v
In the United Kingdom Childhood Cancer Study
A a population-based case-control study covering the whole of EnglandA Scotland and WalesA measured power-frequency magnetic fields were not found to be associated with risk for any malignancy.
‰p‘¬Ž™‚ªƒ“Œ¤‹†‚̈êŠÂ‚Æ‚µ‚Äs‚Á‚½Œ¤‹†‚ÅA‘SƒCƒ“ƒOƒ‰ƒ“ƒhAƒXƒRƒbƒgƒ‰ƒ“ƒhAƒEƒG[ƒ‹ƒY‚ðƒJƒo[‚µ‚½Ç—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚ðs‚Á‚½BŽÀ‘ª‚µ‚½Ž¥ŠE‹­“x‚͈««Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚ðŒ©o‚³‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

To examine further the risk associated with residential proximity to electricity supply equipment
A distances to high-voltage linesA underground cablesA substations and distribution circuits were collected for 3380 cases and 3390 controls.
3380
‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ3390‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚ÄA‚³‚ç‚ÉA“d—Í‘—“dÝ”õ‚Ö‚Ì‹ßZA‚ˆ³‘—“düE’n’†‘—“düE•Ï“dE”z“dÝ”õ‚Æ‚Ì‹——£‚𒲸‚µ‚½B@

Magnetic field exposure from this equipment was calculated using distance
A load and other circuit information.
–\˜I‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎥ŠE‹­“x‚Í‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì“d—ÍÝ”õ‚©‚ç‚Ì‹——£A•‰‰×“d—¬‚»‚Ì‘¼‚Ìî•ñ‚ÉŠî‚¢‚ÄAŒvŽZ‚ðs‚Á‚½B

There was no evidence that either proximity to electrical installations or the magnetic field levels they produce in the UK is associated with increased risk of childhood leukemia or any other cancer.
“d—ÍÝ”õ‚Æ‚Ì‹ßZ‚â‚»‚ê‚ç‚©‚ç‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚鬎™”’ŒŒ•a‚Æ‚»‚Ì‘¼‚Ì‚ª‚ñ‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Odds ratios of 0.73 (95% CI = 0.42-1.26) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
A 0.75 (95% CI = 0.45-1.25) for all leukemiasA 1.08 (95% CI = 0.56-2.09) for central nervous system cancers and 0.92 (95% CI = 0.64-1.34) for all malignancies were obtained for residence within 50 m of an overhead line.
‰Ë‹ó‚ˆ³‘—“dü‚©‚ç50mˆÈ“à‚ÉZ‚ÞZ–¯‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚ÄAŠe‚ª‚ñ‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰ÁiƒIƒbƒY”ä‚ÆM—Š‹æŠÔ‚ÍA‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a0.73(0.42-1.26)A‘S‚Ä‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a0.75(0.45-1.25)A”]Žîá‡1.08(0.56-2.09)A‘S‚Ă̈««Žîá‡0.92(0.64-1.34)‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

When individuals with a calculated magnetic field exposure 0.2
ƒÊT were compared to those in a reference category of exposure <0.1ƒÊTA odds ratios of 0.51 (95% CI = 0.11-2.33) for acute lymphoblastic leukemiaA 0.41 (95% CI = 0.09-1.87) for total leukemiaA 0.48 (95% CI =0.06-3.76) for central nervous system cancers and 0.62 (95% CI = 0.24-1.61) for all malignancies were obtained.
Ž¥ŠE‚ÌŒvŽZ’l‚ʼnðÍ‚ðs‚Á‚½A0.1ƒÊTˆÈ‰º‚Ì–\˜I‚É”äŠr‚µ‚ÄA0.2ƒÊTˆÈã‚Ì–\˜I‚Å‚ÍAŠe‚ª‚ñ‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰ÁiƒIƒbƒY”ä‚ÆM—Š‹æŠÔj‚ÍA‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«š\ŒŒ•a0.51(0.11-2.32jA‘S”’ŒŒ•a0.41(0.09-1.87)A”]Žîá‡0.48(0.08-3.76)A‘Sˆ««Žîá‡0.62(0.24-1.61)‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

 

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‰p‘‚É‚¨‚¯‚é‘—“dü—R—ˆ‚Ì“dŽ¥”g‚𬎙‚ªƒ“‚ÌŠÖŒW‚̉uŠwŒ¤‹†‚ÅA“dŠE–\˜I‚É’…–Ú‚µ‚½Œ¤‹†
ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽèB@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚S|‚X

ŒfÚŽFBritish Journal of CancerA 18 November 2002A Volume 87A Number 11A Pages 1257-1266
˜_•¶–¼FExposure to power frequency electric fields and the risk of childhood cancer in the UK
‰p‘‚É‚¨‚¯‚é“d—ÍŽü”g”‚Ì“dŠE–\˜I‚ƬŽ™‚ªƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW
Œ¤‹†ŽÒvJ SkinnerA T J MeeA R P BlackwellA M P MaslanyjA J SimpsonA S G AllenA N E DayA@a and United Kingdom Childhood Cancer Study Investigators writing committee

Abstract
The United Kingdom Childhood Cancer Study
A a population-based case-control study covering the whole of Great BritainA incorporated a pilot study measuring electric fields.
‘SƒOƒŒ[ƒgƒuƒŠƒeƒ“‚ðƒJƒo[‚µ‚½Ç—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚ª‰p‘‚̬Ž™‚ªƒ“Œ¤‹†‚Æ‚µ‚Äs‚í‚êA“dŠE–\˜I‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚à’²¸‚ðs‚Á‚½B

Measurements were made in the homes of 473 children who were diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm between 1992 and 1996 and who were aged 0-14 at diagnosis
A together with 453 controls matched on ageA sex and geographical location.
1992
”N‚©‚ç1996”N‚̊ԂɈ««ŽîᇂÆf’f‚³‚ꂽ¬Ž™473–¼‚ÆA”N—îE«•ÊE’nˆæ‚ðƒ}ƒbƒ`‚³‚¹‚½‘ÎÆ453–¼‚̉ƒë‚É‚¨‚¯‚é–\˜I󋵂𑪒肵‚½B

Exposure assessments comprised resultant spot measurements in the child's bedroom and the family living-room.
‘ª’è‚ÍŽq‹Ÿ‚ÌQŽº‚ƉƑ°‚Ì‹ŠÔ‚É‚¨‚¯‚éƒXƒ|ƒbƒg‘ª’è‚ðŠÜ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚éB

Temporal stability of bedroom fields was investigated through continuous logging of the 48-h vertical component at the child's bedside supported by repeat spot measurements.
–\˜I‚ÌŽžŠÔ•Ï“®‚ð”cˆ¬‚·‚邽‚ß‚ÉAƒXƒ|ƒbƒg‘ª’è‚ðŒJ‚è•Ô‚µ‚È‚ª‚çAŽq‹Ÿ‚ÌQŽº‚Å48ŽžŠÔ˜A‘±‘ª’è‚ðs‚Á‚½B

The principal exposure metric used was the mean of the pillow and bed center measurements.
Šî–{“I‚È–\˜IŽw•W‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍAƒxƒbƒh‚Ì’†S‚Æ–‚Ì‚Æ‚±‚ë‚Å‚Ì‘ª’è’l‚Ì•½‹Ï’l‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚½B

For the 273 cases and 276 controls with fully validated measures
A comparing those with a measured electric field exposure 20 V m-1 to those in a reference category of exposure <10 V m-1A odds ratios of 1.31 (95% confidence interval 0.68-2.54) for acute lymphoblastic leukemiaA 1.32 (95% confidence interval 0.73-2.39) for total leukemiaA 2.12 (95% confidence interval 0.78-5.78) for central nervous system cancers and 1.26 (95% confidence interval 0.77-2.07) for all malignancies were obtained.
273
‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ276‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍŠ®àø‚ȃf[ƒ^‚ª“¾‚ç‚ꂽB“dŠE‚P‚OV/mˆÈ‰º‚Ì–\˜I‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä‚Q‚OV/mˆÈã‚Ì“dŠE–\˜I‚ð”äŠr‚µ‚½‚Æ‚«‚̃IƒbƒY”ä‚ÍA ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a 1.31 (l 0.68-2.54)A ‘S”’ŒŒ•a 1.32 (0.73-2.39)A”]Žîᇠ2.12 (0.78-5.78)A‘S‚ª‚ñ 1.26 (0.77-2.07)@‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

When considering the 426 cases and 419 controls with no invalid measures
A the corresponding odds ratios were 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.49-1.51) for acute lymphoblastic leukemiaA 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.56-1.54) for total leukemiaA 1.43 (95% confidence interval 0.68-3.02) for central nervous system cancers and 0.90 (95% confidence interval 0.59-1.35) for all malignancies.
–³Œø‚È‘ª’è‚Ì‚È‚¢‚S‚P‚X‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ419‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚ăIƒbƒY”ä‚ðŒvŽZ‚·‚ê‚ÎAƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a@0.86 (0.49-1.51)A‘S”’ŒŒ•a 0.93 (0.56-1.54)A”]Žîᇠ1.43 (0.68-3.02)A‘S‚ª‚ñ 0.90 (0.59-1.35) ‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

With exposure modeled as a continuous variable
A odds ratios for an increase in the principal metric of 10Vm-1 were close to unity for all disease categoriesA never differing significantly from one.
‚±‚ê‚ç‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚©‚çA“dŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚Å10V/m‚ ‚½‚è‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Í‚Ù‚Ú1‚Å‚ ‚èAƒŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚¢B

 

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http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/newsid_1535000/1535316.stm
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iTuesday, 11 September, 2001, 01:23 GMT 02:23 UKj

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‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÍOccupational and Environmental Medicine journal ‚ÉŒfÚ‚³‚ꂽB
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Œ¤‹†ŽÒF Shigeru SokejimaA Sadanobu KagamimoriA Toshiki Tatsumura@
˜_•¶F Electric power consumption and leukemia death rate in Japan@
ŒfÚŽF THE LANCET Vol.348 o September 21A 1996 P21-822@

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‚P‚QD Savitz 1995‚̘_•¶‚©‚ç


D. A. Savitz 1995‚̘_•¶‚Å‚·B
˜_•¶–¼FExposure assessment strategies in epidemiological studies of health effects of electric and magnetic fields@
ŒfÚŽF@The Science of the Total Environment. 168(1995)@

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‚P‚QADSavitz‚ç‚Ì‘ål‚ÌŠà‚̉uŠwŒ¤‹†1995”N


ŒfÚŽ: Am J Epidemiol 1995; 141 (2): 123-134
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FMagnetic field exposure in relation to leukemia and brain cancer mortality among electric utility workers.
“d—Í]‹Æˆõ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é”’ŒŒ•a‚Æ”]Žîᇎ€–S—¦‚ÆŽ¥ŠE‚΂­˜I
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Savitz DA, Loomis DP

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‚Í1997”N‚ÉSavitz‚æ‚è“üŽèÏ‚Ý‚Å‚µ‚½B
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ŒfÚGAmerican Journal of EpidemiologyA Vol 129A Issue 1 220-224A 1989 @
˜_•¶FFetal loss associated with two seasonal sources of electromagnetic field exposure
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Œ¤‹†ŽÒFN Wertheimer and E Leeper @
Department of Preventive MedicineA University of Colorado Health Sciences CenterA Denver 80262 @

ŠT—vG@
We have studied two sources of electromagnetic fields where exposure is highly seasonal (ceiling cable electric heat and electrically heated beds).
@

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Because many potential confounders could not be addressedA we can make no valid statement about overall differences in abortion rates between those exposed and those not exposed to these seasonal sources.@

‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½“dŽ¥ŠEˆÈŠO‚ÌŒð—ˆöŽq‚Ì”rœ‚ª‚Å‚«‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚Ì‚ÅA‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‹@Ší‚©‚ç‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‚É–\˜I‚·‚é‚©‚µ‚È‚¢‚©‚É‚æ‚éˆÙí—¦‚Ì·ˆÙ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚ÄAŠm’è“I‚È‚±‚Æ‚Í‚¢‚¦‚È‚¢B@

However
A by analyzing seasonal trendsA we have minimized the problem of unaddressed confounders because we did not look at a difference between the user and nonuser groupsA but rather at a difference within the user group during months of higher exposure compared with months of lower exposure. @

 
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Thus
A each user group provides its own control. The function of the nonuser control group is simply to assure that any seasonal trend found in the user group is not just a general seasonal variation in reported fetal loss that can be found equally well in the nonuser population.@

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Using this techniqueA we found that each user group reported fetal loss disproportionately(•s‹Ït‚È) often during the season when electromagnetic field exposure was increasing. @

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Œ¤‹†ŽÒFSusan Preston-Martin et al;@
˜_•¶–¼FBrain Tumor Risk in Children in Relation to Use of Electric Blankets and Water Bed@ Heators@
ŒfÚŽGŽFAmerican Journal of Epidemiology. Vol. 143 No.11 1996

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ŒfÚŽFAmerican Journal of Epidemiology 2000;152:41-49.
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FElectric blanket use and breast cancer in the Nurses' Health Study.
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BEMS2000
‘‰ï‚Å”­•\‚µ‚½˜_•¶‚ÌŠT—vB
˜_•¶–¼FCombined Exposure to High Levels of Air Pollution and Electromagnetic Fields May Increase Leukemia and Other Cancer Risk in Children. 
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFH. WachtelA R. L. Pearson. 

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‚P‚UDGurney‚Ì’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚ÆŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”]Žîᇂ̌¤‹†@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý‚Ì“üŽè‚Å‚·B@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚P‚T@@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B

ŒfÚŽF@American Journal of EpidemiologyA Vol 143A Issue 2 120-128A 1996 @

˜_•¶–¼FChildhood brain tumor occurrence in relation to residential power line configurationsA electric heating sourcesA and electric appliance use@
ZŠÂ‹«‚É‚¨‚¯‚é‘—“düA“d”Mƒxƒbƒh‚È‚ÇA‰Æ’ë“dŠí»•i‚ÌŽg—p‚ÆŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”]Žîᇂ̊֌W@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFJG GurneyA BA MuellerA S DavisA SM SchwartzA RG Stevens and KJ Kopecky @
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterA Division of Public Health SciencesA SeattleA WAA USA. @

ŠT—v‚ÌŠT—vF@
To assess the relation between childhood brain tumor occurrence and exposure to potential sources of residential magnetic fields
A a population-based case-control study of incident brain tumors was conducted in the SeattleA WashingtonA area at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center from 1989 to 1994 among children younger than age 20 years who were diagnosed from 1984 to 1990. @
ƒAƒƒŠƒJ‚̃VƒAƒgƒ‹‚ƃƒVƒ“ƒgƒ“‚Ås‚Á‚½Œ¤‹†AZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎥ŠE–\˜I‚ª20Έȉº‚ÌŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”]Žîᇂð‘‰Á‚³‚¹‚é‚©‚ðŒ¤‹†B@‚P‚X‚W‚S|‚P‚X‚X‚O”N‚É”]ŽîᇂÆf’f‚³‚ꂽǗá‚ð—p‚¢‚½Ç—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚µ‚½B@

The specific aims were to evaluate whether proximity to high-current residential power lines
A as defined by the Wertheimer-Leeper codeA or use of electric appliances or electric heating sources by the mother while pregnant or by the child before diagnosis were associated with increased risks of brain tumor occurrence.
“düƒR[ƒh‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒWA“d‹C‹@Ší‚ÌŽg—pA“d”Mƒxƒbƒh‚È‚Ç‚ÌŽg—p‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ðŒ¤‹†B@

The mothers of 133 cases and 270 controls (recruited by random digit dialing) participated.
133
l‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ270l‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ðŒ¤‹†‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½B@

Risk of brain tumor occurrence did not increase with increasing exposure
A as indicated by the five-level Wertheimer-Leeper code. @
Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‹­“xA“düƒR[ƒh‚Æ”]Žîᇑ‰Á‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

When exposure was dichotomized as high versus low
A the odds ratio was 0.9 (95% confidence interval 0.5- 1.5) and did not vary significantly by sexA ageA or histology. @
–\˜I‹­“x‚̑嬂Ō©‚é‚ÆAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í0.9i‚b‚h@‚OD‚T|‚PD‚Tj‚Å‚ ‚èA«‚â”N—î‚È‚Ç‚ÅŒ©‚Ä‚àˆÙí‚ÈŠÖŒW‚ÍŒ©o‚¹‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

No elevations in risk were found forever versus never-use of electric blankets
A water bedsA or electric heating sources. @
“d‹C–Ñ•zA“d”Mi…jƒxƒbƒhA“d”MŒ¹‚ÌŽg—pA•sŽg—p‚Å‚à·ˆÙ‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

Odds ratios were slightly elevated for nine appliances and were at or below 1.0 for eight others.
@
9
‚‚̓d‹C‹@Ší‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚Å‚ÍAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚̂킸‚©‚È㸂͌©‚ç‚ꂽB
8
‚‚̋@Ší‚ł̓IƒbƒY”ä‚Í‚P’ö“x‚©‚»‚êˆÈ‰º‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

These data do not support the hypothesis that exposure to magnetic fields from high-current power lines
A electric heating sourcesA or electric appliances is associated with the subsequent occurrence of brain tumors in children. @
‚±
‚ÌŒ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê‚ÍAZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚é‘—“düA“d”M‹@Ší‚ÌŽg—pA‰Æ’ë“dŠí»•i‚©‚ç‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ªŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”]Žîᇂð‘‰Á‚³‚¹‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰¼à‚ðŽwŽ¦‚µ‚È‚¢B@

ˆÈã@@@@‹»–¡‚Ì‚ ‚é•û‚ÍAŒ´’˜˜_•¶‚ð“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢B

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‚P‚VDƒmƒ‹ƒEƒF[‚Ì“d‹C“S“¹‚É‚æ‚éŠà‚Ì‘‰Á@1994”N@@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý‚v‚d‚a‚©‚ç“üŽè@@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚Ü‚µ‚½B@@@@@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚P‚T@

ŒfÚŽF@American Journal of EpidemiologyA Vol 139A Issue 7 645-653A 1994
˜_•¶F@Article:Leukemia and brain tumors in Norwegian railway workersA a nested case- control study@@
ƒmƒ‹ƒEƒF[‚Ì“S“¹]‹Æˆõ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½”’ŒŒ•aE”]ŽîᇂÌÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒ
F@T TynesA H Jynge and AI Vistnes @
Cancer Registry of Norway
A Institute of Epidemiological Cancer ResearchA Oslo. @

ŠT—vF@
In an attempt to assess whether exposure to electromagnetic fields on Norwegian railways induces brain tumors or leukemia
A the authors conducted a nested case-control study of railway workers based on incident cases from the Cancer Registry of Norway in a cohort of 13A030 male Norwegian railway workers who had worked on either electric or non-electric railways.

ƒmƒ‹ƒEƒF[“S“¹]‹Æˆõ‚ª“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä”]Žîᇂ┒ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ª‚ ‚é‚©Aƒmƒ‹ƒEƒF[‚ÌŠà“o˜^‚ð—˜—p‚µ‚ÄA“S“¹‰ïŽÐ‚Å“d‹C“S“¹‚Æ”ñ“d‹C“S“¹iƒW[ƒ[ƒ‹‹@ŠÖŽÔ‚âö‹C‹@ŠÖŽÔ‚̉^“]‚É]Ž–‚·‚邱‚ÆHj‚Ì]Ž–ŽÒ‡Œv13030–¼‚Ì’j«‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚ÄAÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚ðs‚Á‚½B@

The cohort comprised railway lineA outdoor stationA and electricity workers. @
The case series comprised 39 men with brain tumors and 52 men with leukemia (follow-up
A 1958-1990). Each case was matched on age with four or five controls selected from the same cohort. @

‚±‚̃Rƒz[ƒg‚Í“S“¹ü˜HA‰®ŠO‚Ìì‹ÆêA“düì‹ÆŽÒ‚È‚Ç‚©‚ç\¬‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB@
1958”N‚©‚ç1990”N‚ÌŠÔ‚Å30–¼‚ª”]ŽîᇂÉA52–¼‚ª”’ŒŒ•a‚É‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éBÇ—á1‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄA‚S‚©‚ç5–¼‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ð‘I‘ð‚µ‚½B

The exposure of each study subject to electric and magnetic fields was evaluated from cumulative exposure measures based on present measurements and historical data.@

“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ì–\˜I•]‰¿‚ÍAÅ‹ß‚Ì‘ª’è‚ƉߋŽ‚Ì—š—ð‚©‚çA—ÝÏ‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I—Ê‚Ås‚Á‚½B

Limited information on potential confounders such as creosote
A solventsA and herbicides was also collected; information on whether the subject had smoked was obtained by interviews with the subjects or work colleagues. @

ƒNƒŒƒIƒ\[ƒg‚â—nÜ‚ÌŽg—p‚È‚Ç‚ÌŒð—ˆöŽq‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éî•ñ‚àŽûW‚µ‚½B
‘ÎÛŽÒ‚Ì‹i‰Œ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚àî•ñ‚ðŽûW‚µ‚½B@

The case-control analysis showed that men employed on electric railwaysA compared with non-electric onesA had an odds ratio for leukemia of 0.70 (adjusted for smoking) and an odds ratio for brain tumor of 0.87. @

”ñ“d‹C“S“¹‚Ö‚Ì]Ž–‚É”äŠr‚µ‚ÄA“d‹C“S“¹•”–å‚Å‚Ì]Ž–‚É‚æ‚郊ƒXƒN‚ÍA”’ŒŒ•a‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ă̓IƒbƒY”䂪0.7A”]ŽîᇂɊւµ‚Ä‚Í‚OD‚W‚V‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

No significant trend was shown for exposure to either magnetic or electric fields. These results do not support an association between exposure to 16 2/3- Hertz electric or magnetic fields and the risk for leukemia or brain tumors.

“d‹C“S“¹‚ÅŽg—p‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é16.67‚g‚š‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‚É‚æ‚é”’ŒŒ•a‚Æ”]Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

ˆÈã@‹»–¡‚Ì‚ ‚é•û‚ÍAŒ´’˜‚Ì‘S•¶‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚Ä“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢B


•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

 

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‚P‚WDƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚Ì“d—Í]Ž–ŽÒ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”­ƒKƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½B@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚Ü‚µ‚½B@@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚P‚U@

ŒfÚŽGŽFAmerican Journal of EpidemiologyA Vol 147A Issue 6 548-555A 1998
˜_•¶FRisk of cancer among Danish utility workers--a nationwide cohort study@
ƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‘S“y‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½ƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚Ì“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚Ì”­ƒKƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éƒRƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFC Johansen and JH Olsen
Danish Cancer Society
A Division for Cancer EpidemiologyA Copenhagen. @

ŠT—v@
The authors report the incidence of cancer in a large cohort of employees identified from all 99 Danish utility companies.
@
ƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚É‚ ‚é‚X‚X‚Ì‘S‚Ä‚Ì“d—͉ïŽÐ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚ÄA”­ƒKƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‘å‹K–͂ȃRƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†‚ðs‚Á‚½B@

Personal data and information on employment and exposure to magnetic fields and asbestos were obtained from manual files at the companies
A the Danish Supplementary Pension FundA and the public payroll administration.
ŒÂlî•ñAŽ¥ŠE–\˜IAƒAƒXƒxƒXƒg‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚È‚Ç‚Ìî•ñ‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚½B@

A total of 32
A006 individuals with more than 3 months of employment were linked with the files of the Danish Cancer Registry. @
‚Rƒ–ŒŽˆÈã“d—͉ïŽÐ‚ɋΖ±‚µ‚½‚±‚Æ‚Ì‚ ‚é32000–¼‚ðAƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚ÌŠà“o˜^‚ÉŒ‹‚Ñ•t‚¯‚½B@

The period of follow-up for cancer occurrence among the employees was from April 1968 through December 1993 in the study conducted from 1994 to 1997.
@
1968
”N4ŒŽ‚©‚ç1993”N12ŒŽ‚Ü‚Å‚ÌŠúŠÔ‚ÉŠà‚É‚È‚Á‚½l‚ð‘ÎÛ‚É‚µ‚½B

Overall
A 3A008 cancers were observedA with 2A825 expectedA yielding a small but significantly increased risk of 1.06 (95% confidence interval 1.03-1.10) among the utility workers in comparison with the general population. 
Œ‹‰ÊAˆê”Ê•½‹Ï‚Æ”ä‚ׂé‚ÆAŠú‘Ò’l2825Œ‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄAŠà‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŠÏŽ@‚³‚ꂽŒ”‚Í3008Œ‚Å­‚È‚¢‚ªA—LˆÓ‚È”­ƒKƒ“—¦‚Ì‘‰Á‚ª‚ ‚Á‚½B

No excess was observed for all leukemias or for cancers of the brain or breast among men or women.
”’ŒŒ•a‚âA”]Žîá‡A“û–[‚ÌŠà‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä‚ÍAƒŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

There was no association of electromagnetic field exposure with risk of these cancers
A even when the level and length of exposure to magnetic fields were taken into account.
Ž¥ŠE‚Ì‹­“x‚â–\˜I‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½ŠúŠÔ‚È‚Ç‚ðl—¶‚µ‚Ä‚àAŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”­ƒKƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŠÖŒW‚È‚©‚Á‚½A

Increased risks for cancers of the lung and pleural cavity (
‹¹–Œ‚Ì‹ó“´H@‹CŠÇŽx‚Ì‚±‚ÆH)@were seen mainly for workers whose jobs involved exposure to asbestos. 
ƒAƒXƒxƒXƒg‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚É”º‚¤”x‚ª‚ñ‚È‚Ç‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŠÏŽ@‚³‚ꂽB

The results from this study do not support the hypothesis of an association between occupational exposures to magnetic fields in the electric utility industry and the risk for cancer. 
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚ÍA“d—͉ïŽÐ‚Ì]‹Æˆõ‚ªŽ¥ŠE‚É–\˜I‚·‚邱‚Æ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä”­ƒKƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN‚ª‘‰Á‚·‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰¼à‚ðŽxŽ‚µ‚È‚¢B


@@•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

 

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‚P‚XD‰Æ“d»•i‚ÌŽg—p‚Æ‘ål‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@ì¬F‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚P‚U@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚Ü‚µ‚½B@

ŒfÚŽFAmerican Journal of EpidemiologyA Vol 140A Issue 6 510-517A 1994 @

˜_•¶–¼FAdult leukemia risk and personal appliance use: a preliminary study @
‰Æ“d»•i‚Æ‘ål‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é—\”õ’²¸@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒ
FRH LovelyA RL BuschbomA AL SlavichA LE AndersonA NH Hansen and@BW Wilson
Pacific Northwest Laboratory
A RichlandA WA @

ŠT—v@
The hypothesis that use of personal electric appliances may be associated with increased risk of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in adults was tested using interview data from a previously completed case- control study of 114 cases and 133 controls conducted between 1981 and 1984.

‰Æ“d»•i‚ÌŽg—p‚ª”’ŒŒ•a‚ð‘‰Á‚·‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰¼à‚ðA1981|1984”N‚ÉA114–¼‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ133–¼‚Ì‘ÎÆŒQ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚É‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½‰ß‹Ž‚̃Cƒ“ƒ^ƒrƒ…[’²¸ƒf[ƒ^‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚ÄAŒŸ“¢‚µ‚½B

Cases were obtained from a population-based cancer registry in western Washington stateA and controls were obtained from the same area by random digit dialing. @

Ç—á‚ͼ•”ƒƒVƒ“ƒgƒ“B‚É‚¨‚¯‚éŠà“o˜^‚©‚çA‘ÎƂ̓‰ƒ“ƒ_ƒ€ƒ_ƒCƒ„ƒ‹“d˜b‚Å“¾‚½B

Of 32 electrical home appliances for which data on use were available for adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia cases and controlsA three motor-driven personal appliances (electric razorsA hair dryersA and massage units) were selected a priori because their use represents exposure to higher peak magnetic fields than that from most other home appliances.

32‚̉Ɠd»•i‚ÌŽg—p󋵂̃f[ƒ^‚𓾂½Bƒ‚[ƒ^‚Å“®‚­3‚‚̉Ɠd»•ii“d‹C‚©‚Ý‚»‚èAƒwƒAƒhƒ‰ƒCƒ„[Aƒ}ƒbƒT[ƒWŠíj‚Í‘¼‚Ì‹@Ší‚æ‚è‹­‚¢ƒs[ƒNŽ¥ŠE‚ð”­¶‚·‚邱‚Æ‚©‚çA’–Ú‚µ‚ÄŒŸ“¢‚µ‚½B@

When compared on an "ever used" versus "never used" basisA use of one or more of these appliances was not associated with increased risk of leukemia in the population studied (odds ratio (OR) = 0.71A 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41-1.24). @

‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‹@Ší‚ÌŽg—pA•sŽg—p‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚ÄAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í‚OD‚V‚P‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

When the appliances were considered individuallyA massage units were more likely to have been used by cases than by controls (OR = 3.00A 95% CI 1.43-6.32)A while hair dryers were more likely to have been used by controls than cases (OR = 0.38A 95% CI 0.22-0.66). @

ŒÂX‚Ì‹@Ší‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚Ý‚ê‚ÎAƒ}ƒbƒT[ƒWŠí‚ÌŽg—p‚ÍÇ—áŒS‚É‘½‚­AƒwƒAƒhƒ‰ƒCƒ„[‚Í‘ÎÆŒS‚Å‘½‚©‚Á‚½B@

There was a nonsignificant tendency for electric razor use to differentiate the cases from controls (OR = 1.33A 95% CI 0.80-2.23). @

“d‹C‚©‚Ý‚»‚è‚ÌŽg—p‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍA“ÁˆÙ‚ÈŒXŒü‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

When reported daily time of use was stratifiedA there was no overall increased risk with increased time of use except for electric razors (p < 0.05). @

“úX‚ÌŽg—p•p“x‚Ål‚¦‚é‚ÆA“d‹C‚©‚Ý‚»‚è‚ÌŽg—p‚𜂯‚ÎAŽg—p•p“x‚Ì‘‰Á‚É‚æ‚郊ƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

In addition to the analysis of appliance use data from the case-control studyA the authors obtained several models of these motor-driven personal appliances and characterized the magnetic fields they produce. @

Ç—á‘ÎÆŒS‚©‚ç‚̃f[ƒ^ˆÈŠO‚ÉA‹@Ší‚ÌŽ¥ŠE˜R‰k‚Ȃǂ̃f[ƒ^‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚½B@

Magnetic field flux densityA or the B-fieldA and spectral measurements showed that partial body exposure from such appliances may exceed 0.5 mTesla (root mean squared) at rates-of-change exceeding 10 Tesla/sec.@

‚±‚¤‚µ‚½ƒf[ƒ^‚É‚æ‚ê‚ÎAl‘Ì‚ª•”•ª“I‚É–\˜I‚·‚鎥ŠE‚Ì‹­‚³‚Í0.5mTi5ƒKƒEƒXj‚ð’´‚¦AŽžŠÔ•Ï“®’l‚Í‚P‚OƒeƒXƒ‰^•b‚ð’´‚¦‚éB@

These epidemiologic data must be interpreted cautiously because the number of cases is limited and because of proxy reporting of appliance use for deceased cases. @

Œ¤‹†‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½Ç—ᔂªŒÀ’肳‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚ÅA‚±‚̈ՊwŒ¤‹†‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚ÍA’ˆÓ‚µ‚ÄAŽæ‚舵‚¤•K—v‚ª‚ ‚éB@

NeverthelessA the authors believe these data indicate that peak magnetic field exposure from personal appliances warrants further investigation as a possible risk factor for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in adults. @

‰Æ“d»•i‚©‚ç‚̃s[ƒNŽ¥ŠE˜R‰k‚ÍA¡Œã‚Ì–ð”öŠw’²¸‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄAŒŸ“¢‚³‚ê‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚ ‚éB@

ˆÈã‚É‚ ‚é‚悤‚ÉA—\”õ’²¸‚Ì’iŠK‚Å‚ ‚邪A‰Æ“d»•i‚©‚ç‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚É‚æ‚é‘ål‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚Ì‘‰Á‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½‚Æ‚¢‚¤•ñ‚Å‚·B@

‹»–¡‚Ì‚ ‚é•û‚ÍŒ´’˜‚Ì‘S•¶‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚ÄA“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢B

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

 

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‚Q‚ODƒtƒ‰ƒ“ƒX“d—͉ïŽÐ]‹Æˆõ‚Ì“dŠE–\˜I‚Æ”­ƒKƒ“‚ÌŒ¤‹†@@


ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½@@@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚P‚X@

ŒfÚŽ†FAmerican Journal of EpidemiologyA Vol 144A Issue 12 1107-1121A 1996 @

˜_•¶–¼FExposure to 50-Hz electric field and incidence of leukemiaA brain tumorsA and other cancers among French electric utility workers @
ƒtƒ‰ƒ“ƒX‚Ì“d—Í]Ž–ŽÒ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½50Hz“dŠE–\˜I‚ÆŠà‚ÌŒ¤‹†@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFP GuenelA J NicolauA E ImbernonA A Chevalier and M Goldberg @
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale-Unite 88A Hopital National de Saint-MauriceA France.

ŠT—vF@
Recent studies on the association between exposure to 50- to 60-Hz fields and cancer carried out among electric utility workers have focused mainly on the magnetic field component of exposure.
@
Å‹ß‚Ì“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½50/60Hz“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”­ƒKƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÍAŽå‚ÉŽ¥ŠE‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄŒ¤‹†‚ªs‚È‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB

The authors have investigated tumor risks specifically associated with electric fields
A as this exposure is distinct(ˆÙ‚È‚é) from magnetic fields. @
–{Œ¤‹†‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ƈقȂé“dŠE‚Æ”­ƒKƒ“‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ ‚éB@

The study design is a case-control study nested within a cohort of 170
A000 workers employed at Electricite de France-Gaz de France (EDF) between 1978 and 1989.
ƒtƒ‰ƒ“ƒX“d—ÍiEDFj‚É1978”N‚©‚ç1989”N‚ɋΖ±‚µ‚½17–œl‚ÌW’c‚Ì’†‚ÅAÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚ð‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B@

All incident cases of cancer and benign
i—Ç«‚Ìj tumor of the brain diagnosed in 1978-1989 among workers before the age of retirement were included.@@
1978
”N‚©‚ç1989”N‚ÌŠÔ‚ÅA‘ÞE‘O‚ÉŠà‚Æf’f‚³‚ꂽA—Ç«‚Ì”]ŽîᇂðŠÜ‚Þ‘S‚Ä‚ÌŠà‚ÌÇ—á‚ðŽûW‚µ‚½B@

Four randomly selected controls were individually matched to each case by year of birth.
¶”N‚ðƒ}ƒbƒ`‚³‚¹‚ÄA‘ÎÆŒS‚ð‘I‘ð‚µ‚½B@

The exposure to electric fields was assessed from measurements collected in 850 EDF workers for a full work week.
@
“dŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚Ìó‘Ô‚Í860l‚Ì]‹Æˆõ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚É‘ª’è•]‰¿‚ðs‚È‚Á‚½B@

Arithmetic and geometric mean exposures were included in a job-exposure matrix to determine the cumulative exposure of the cases and the controls.
@
‘ÎÆŒSAÇ—áŒQ‚Æ‚à‚ÉA—ÝÏ–\˜I—ÊiŽZp•½‹ÏAŠô‰½•½‹Ï‚Æ‚à‚Éj‚ÅJOBƒ}ƒgƒŠƒbƒNƒX‚ð쬂µ‚½B@

Exposures to potentially carcinogenic chemicals found at the workplace were also evaluated through expert judgment.
@
Eê‚É‚ ‚é‚»‚Ì‘¼‚Ì”­‚ª‚ñ«•¨Ž¿‚̉e‹¿‚ÍAê–å‰Æ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä•]‰¿‚³‚ꂽB@

The analysis by site of tumor did not show any increased risk for leukemia (72 cases).
@
72
‚ÌÇ—á‚Ì‚ ‚Á‚½”’ŒŒ•a‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍA”­¶•”ˆÊ‚Æ“dŠE–\˜I‚Æ‚ÍŠÖŒW‚ª‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

An odds ratio of 3.08 (95% confidence interval 1.08-8.74) was observed for all brain tumors (69 cases) for exposure above the 90th percentile (> or = 387 V/m-year)
A and there was some indication of a dose-response relationA although the risk did not increase monotonically with exposure. @
69
‚ÌǗႪ‚ ‚Á‚½”]ŽîᇂɊւµ‚Ä‚ÍA387V/mˆÈã‚Ì‹­‚¢“dŠE‚É–\˜I‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é90ƒp[ƒZƒ“ƒ^ƒCƒ‹‚Ìl‚ÌŠÔ‚Å‚ÍAƒIƒbƒY”䂪3.08 ( CI: 1.08-6.74)‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B‚»‚µ‚ÄA–\˜I‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä’P’²‚É‘‰Á‚ÆŒ¾‚¤–ó‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢‚ªA‚킸‚©‚È—Ê\”½‰žì—p‚ªŠÏ‘ª‚³‚ꂽB@

No confounding from magnetic fields or from other potentially carcinogenic hazards was apparent.
@
Ž¥ŠE‚̉e‹¿A‚»‚Ì‘¼‚Ì”­‚ª‚ñ«•¨Ž¿‚̉e‹¿‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

The observed association was somewhat stronger after allowing a 5-year latency period
iö•šŠúj before diagnosis (odds ratio = 3.69A 95% confidence interval 1.10-12.43) for exposure above the 90th percentile. @
Šà‚Æf’f‚³‚ê‚é‘O‚É5”N‚Ìö•šŠúŠÔ‚ð‘z’è‚·‚é‚ÆAã‹LƒIƒbƒY”ä3.08‚Æ‚¢‚¤”Žš‚̓IƒbƒY”ä3.69‚É‘‰Á‚·‚éB@

However
A the risk of brain tumor could not be linked to a specific type of tumor. @
“Á’è‚ÌŽí—Þ‚Ì”]ŽîᇂƂ̊֘A‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

An unexpected association was also observed for colon
iŒ‹’°j cancerA using geometric indexes of exposureA but no other association was seen for any other type of cancer.
—\‘z‚µ‚È‚©‚Á‚½‚±‚Æ‚Å‚ ‚邪AŠô‰½“I•½‹Ï’l‚Ì–\˜I—Ê‚ÆŒ‹’°Šà‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ªŒ©‚‚©‚Á‚½B
‚»‚Ì‘¼‚ÌŠà‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

Our study indicates that electric fields may have a specific effect on the risk of brain tumor
A and that this should be taken into account in future analyses on the carcinogenic effects of 50- to 60-Hz fields. @
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÅA“dŠE–\˜I‚ª”]ŽîᇂɊ֘A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ª‚í‚©‚èA¡Œã‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍA50HzA60Hz‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‚Æ”­ƒKƒ“‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚É‚ÍA“dŠE‚̉e‹¿‚à‰Á–¡‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃç‚È‚¢B@

ˆÈã@@@‹»–¡‚Ì‚ ‚é•û‚ÍŒ´’˜‚Ì‘S•¶‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚ÄA“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢B@@

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

 

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‚Q‚PDKeifets‚Ì1997”N‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È“dŠE–\˜I‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‚Ƃ̉uŠwŒ¤‹†@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý‚Ì“üŽèB‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚P‚W@

ŒfÚŽFAmerican Journal of EpidemiologyA Vol 146A Issue 1 87-90A 1997 @
˜_•¶–¼FLeukemia risk and occupational electric field exposure in Los Angeles CountyA California@
ƒJƒ‹ƒtƒHƒ‹ƒjƒA‚É‚¨‚¯‚éE‹Æ“I‚È“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ
FLI KheifetsA SJ London and JM Peters @
EMF Health Assessment and Management
A Electric Power Research InstituteA Palo AltoA CA. USA


ŠT—v:
The authors analyzed data on electric fields from a prior study of occupational magnetic field exposure and leukemia risk conducted in Los Angeles County, California
A in 1972-1990.
1972
|1990
”N‚̉ߋŽ‚És‚Á‚½Ž¥ŠE‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŒ¤‹†ƒf[ƒ^‚©‚çA “dŠE‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‰ðÍ‚ð‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B

Ranking of exposure differed somewhat for magnetic and electric fields.
“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚ð“K“–‚Ƀ‰ƒ“ƒN‹æ•ª‚ð‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B

The odds ratios were 1.22 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-1.86) and 1.15 (95% confidence interval 0.78-1.72) for medium and high exposure categories, respectively, and there was no clear evidence of an exposure-response relation (odds ratio for 10 V/m increase = 1.05A 95% CI 0.95-1.16).
‚‚¢–\˜IŒQ‚Æ’†’ö“x‚Ì–\˜IŒQ‚ÌŠÔ‚Å‚ÌAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.22(CI: 0.90-1.86)A“dŠE–\˜I‹­“x‚ª10V/m‘‰Á‚·‚é‚ɂ‚ê‚ăŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Å1.05iCI: 0.95-1.16j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

Although not conclusiveA our analyses provide little support for an association between occupational electric field exposure and leukemia.
Œ‹˜_‚¯‚é–ó‚É‚Í‚¢‚©‚È‚¢‚ªA‚±‚̉ðÍŒ‹‰Ê‚ÍE‹Æ“I‚È’áŽü”g“dŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‘‰Á‚ÌŠÖ˜A«‚ðŽxŽ‚µ‚È‚¢B@

ˆÈã@

‚±‚̘_•¶‚ÍŒ»Ý‚v‚g‚n‚Ì‘Û“dŽ¥”gƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg‚Ì“Z‚ß–ð‚ð‚â‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚él‚ÌŒ¤‹†˜_•¶‚Å‚·B
‹»–¡‚Ì‚ ‚é•û‚ÍA‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÌŒ´’˜@‘S•¶‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚Ä“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢B

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

 

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‚Q‚QDƒCƒMƒŠƒX‚Ì‚m‚q‚o‚a”­s@Doll•ñ‚ÌŠT—v@2001”N


‹»–¡‚Ì‚ ‚é•û‚ÍWEB‚à‚µ‚­‚ÍŒ´’˜‚ðw“ü‚µ‚Ä“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢BˆÈ‰º‚ÍŽ„‚Ì—‰ð‚Å‚«‚½”͈͂ł̊T—v‚Å‚·B

Documents of NRPB Vol.12 No. 1, 2001
ELF Electromagnetic Fields and the Risk of Cancer
@
Report of an Advisory Group on Non-Ionizing Radiation
@
Chairman: Sir R. Doll
@

Œ´–{‚ÍNRPB‚©‚ç30ƒ|ƒ“ƒh‚Åw“ü‰Â”\BŠT—v‚ÍNRPB‚ÌWEB‚É–ÚŽŸ‚ÆŒ‹˜_‚Ì•”•ª‚¾‚¯‚ªŒöŠJ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB
ˆÈ‰º‚Í‚±‚ÌŒöŠJ‚³‚ꂽŠT—v‚ÌŠT—v‚Å‚ ‚éBWEB‚ÌURL‚Í http://www.nrpb.org.uk@@

–‚±‚Ì•ñ‚ÍELFA’áŽü”g‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‚ÉŒÀ’è‚·‚é•ñ‚Å‚ ‚éB
NRPB‚Ìʼn‚Ì1992”N‚É”­s‚µ‚½ƒŒƒ|[ƒg‚Å‚às‚Á‚½‚ªA’áŽü”g“dŽ¥ŠE‚ÌŒ’N‰e‹¿‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚ăŒƒrƒ…[‚ðs‚Á‚½B
–ƒqƒg‚̃Kƒ“‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚ÄAE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜IAZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚锘˜I‚Ƃ̉uŠw’²¸A×–EŽÀŒ±A“®•¨ŽÀŒ±Aƒqƒg‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½ŽÀŒ±‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚ð‚Ü‚Æ‚ß‚½B

–‰ß‹Ž‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚Í”˜˜I•]‰¿‚Í•s\•ª‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½‚ªAÅ‹ß‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I•]‰¿‚ª\•ª‚És‚í‚ê‚é‚悤‚É‚È‚Á‚Ä‚«‚Ä‚¢‚éBiŽ„‚̃Rƒƒ“ƒgF‚¾‚©‚ç‰ß‹Ž‚̉uŠwŒ‹‰Ê‚ÍM—Š«‚ÉŒ‡‚¯‚é‚Æ‚ÍŒ¾‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚ªj@

– ×–EŽÀŒ±Œ‹‰Ê@
No Clear evidence
A No convincing evidence‚Æ‚¢‚¤•\Œ»‚ÅA“dŽ¥ŠE‚ª‰e‹¿‚·‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ÍA‚Ü‚¾–¾Šm‚ÈØ‹’AŠm’肵‚½Ø‹’‚Í‚È‚¢B@
100
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iŽ„‚̃Rƒƒ“ƒgG‚±‚±‚Å‚Í100ƒ}ƒCƒNƒƒeƒXƒ‰‚ð’´‚¦‚é‚Ɖe‹¿‚·‚é‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚é‚Æ‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éB
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‚Ì‹K’è‚àˆê”Ê‘åO‚Ì”˜˜IŒÀ“x‚Í100ƒ}ƒCƒNƒƒeƒXƒ‰‚Å‚ ‚éBj@

–“®•¨ŽÀŒ±Aƒqƒg‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½ŽÀŒ±@
‘S”Ê“I‚ÉANo convincing evidencei–¾Šm‚ÈØ‹’‚Í‚È‚¢j‚Æ‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éB@

–ZŠÂ‹«‚É‚¨‚¯‚锘˜I@
‘Š‘ΓI‚É‹­‚¢Ž¥ŠEA0.4ƒ}ƒCƒNƒƒeƒXƒ‰‚ð’´‚¦‚鎥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚ŬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a‚ª2”{‚É‚È‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤Suggesti’ñ‹cj‚ª‚ ‚éB
‚µ‚©‚µAThe evidenceA howeverA not Conclusive.i‚Ü‚¾Œ‹˜_‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢j‚Æ‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éB

‰p‘‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄA0.4ƒ}ƒCƒNƒƒeƒXƒ‰‚ð’´‚¦‚锘˜I‚ðŽó‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚鬎™‚ÌŠ„‡‚Í‘½•ª0.4“’ö“x‚Å‚ ‚낤B

iŽ„‚̃Rƒƒ“ƒgF3ŒŽ23“ú‚És‚í‚ꂽ‘æ3‰ñ“dŽ¥ŠEƒ[ƒNƒVƒ‡ƒbƒv‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄAƒJƒƒŠƒ“ƒXƒJŒ¤‹†Š‚̃Iƒ‹ƒ{ƒ“‚ÍA‚±‚ÌDoll•ñ‚ÉŒ¾‹y‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB
¡‚Ü‚Å‚ÍŽ¥ŠE‚ƬŽ™ƒKƒ“‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ð‘S‚­”F‚ß‚Ä‚¢‚È‚©‚Á‚½‚Ì‚ªA‚±‚Ì•ñ‚Å‚ÍA•\Œ»‚ðH•v‚µ‚ÄA­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à‰Â”\«‚ðŽ¦´‚·‚é‚Æ‚±‚ë‚Ü‚ÅŒ¾‹y‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Í•]‰¿‚Å‚«‚éA‚ÆB@

‚±‚Ì“_‚¾‚¯‚ðŠg‘å‰ðŽß‚·‚ê‚ÎA¡‚܂łƈقȂèANRPB‚͈ê•à@Ž¥ŠE‚ª¬Ž™ƒKƒ“‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚·‚é‚Æ@i‚ñ‚¾‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚à‚Å‚«‚éB
‚Ü‚¾”F‚ß‚½–ó‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢‚ªAˆê•à‘O‚Éi‚ñ‚¾@‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚é
Bj@

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E‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚ÍAZŠÂ‹«‚É‚¨‚¯‚锘˜I‚æ‚è‹­‚¢‚Æ‘z’肳‚ê‚éB@
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ƒNƒ‰ƒXƒ^‚Ì–â‘èA‚Ü‚¾”F’m‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢•Ê‚̈öŽq‚È‚Ç‚àŠÜ‚ß‚ÄX‚Ȃ錤‹†‚ª•K—v‚Å‚ ‚éB@

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚Q‚RD’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚ÆŠà‚ÌŒ¤‹†iGalloni@2001”Nj

 

Bio@ElectroMagneticsŽ@2000”N12ŒŽ†‚ÉŒfÚ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚½Œ¤‹†‚Å‚·B
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFP. Galloni@et al:
˜_•¶–¼FEffects of 50 Hz Magnetic Field Exposure on Tumor Experiencal models.

50Hz
@‚Qƒ~ƒŠƒeƒXƒ‰i‚Q‚OƒKƒEƒXj‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚É‘l‚𔘘IB
Šà×–E‚ðˆÚA‚µ‚ÄA‚»‚ÌŠà‚Ì‘‰Á‚Ȃǂ𒲸‚µ‚½B

Ž¥ŠE‚É”˜˜I‚µ‚½‘lAŽ¥ŠE‘•’u‚ÅŽ”ˆç‚µ‚½‚ªŽ¥ŠE‚Ì”­¶‚Í–³‚¢‹[Ž—”˜˜IA•’Ê‚ÌŽ”ˆç” ‚ÅŽ”ˆç‚µ‚½ƒRƒ“ƒgƒ[ƒ‹ŠÔ‚Å·ˆÙ‚𒲸‚µ‚½B
‚P‚OƒOƒŒƒC‚Æ‚¢‚¤‹­‚¢‚wü‚𔘘I‚³‚¹‚½‘l‚Å‚à’²¸B
Ž¥ŠE‚Ö‚Í1“ú6ŽžŠÔ@T5“úŠÔ”˜˜I‚³‚¹‚½B@

Œ‹‰Ê‚Í@
X
ü”˜˜I‚Ì‚È‚¢ŽÀŒ±‚Å‚ÍAŠà‚Ì‘”­‚Í‚È‚¢B
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‚±‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚©‚çA‰uŠw‚Å‚Í”ƒ~ƒŠƒKƒEƒX’ö“x‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Å‚àŠà‚ð‘”­‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ðŽ¦´‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚錤‹†‚ª‚ ‚邪A‚±‚ÌŽÀŒ±‚Í‚P‚O‚O‚O‚O”{‚à‹­‚¢Ž¥ŠE‚É”˜˜I‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚É‚àŠÖ‚í‚炸AŠà‚Ì‘”­‚Í“®•¨ŽÀŒ±‚Å‚ÍŠm”F‚Å‚«‚È‚©‚Á‚½A‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚Q‚SDƒXƒCƒX“S“¹]Ž–ŽÒ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a@@@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽèB@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚P‚W@
ŒfÚŽF@American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 153A No. 9 : 825-835 2001
˜_•¶–¼FLeukemiaA Brain TumorsA and Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Swiss Railway Employees @ƒXƒCƒX‚Ì“S“¹]Ž–ŽÒ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é’áŽü”g“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”’ŒŒ•aE”]Žîá‡@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒF@C. E. Minder and D. H. Pfluger@@
From the Institute for Social and Preventive MedicineA University of BerneA BerneA Switzerland

Railway engineers provide excellent opportunities for studying the relation between exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and leukemia or brain tumors.
”’ŒŒ•a‚Æ”]ŽîᇂƒáŽü”gŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄA“S“¹]‹Æˆõ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚ÉŒ¤‹†‚ð‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B@

In a cohort study of Swiss railway personnel with 2.7 x 105 person-years of follow-up (1972
1993)A the authors compared occupations with high average exposures (line engineers: 25.9 µT) to those with medium and low exposures (station masters: 1 µT).
27
–œl”N‚Ì‹K–Í‚ÅAƒXƒCƒX‚Ì“S“¹]‹Æˆõ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½ƒRƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†‚ÅA1972”N‚©‚ç1993”N‚ÌŠÔ‚ð’ÇÕŠúŠÔ‚Æ‚µ‚½B
‚‚¢ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚Ì–\˜IŒQiü˜HHA25.9ƒÊTj‚Æ’†’ö“x‚Æ’á‚¢ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚Ì–\˜IŒQi‰w’·EA1ƒÊTj‚ð”ä‚ׂ½B@

The mortality rate ratio for leukemia was 2.4 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0  6.1) among line engineers (reference category: station masters).
@
ü˜HH‚Ɖw’·E‚ð”ä‚ׂé‚ÆAü˜HH‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚Å‚ÌŽ€–S—¦”ä‚Í2.4iCI 1.0-6.1jB

The mortality rate ratio for brain tumors was 1.0 (95% CI: 0.2-4.6) among line engineers and 5.1 (95% CI: 1.2- 21.2) among shunting yard engineers (compared with station masters).
“¯—l‚ÉA”]ŽîᇂƂ̊֌W‚ÍŽ€–S—¦”䂪1.0iCI 0.2 - 4.6j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½‚ªA
•ªŠò“_‚Å“­‚­l‚Ɖw’·E‚ÌŽ€–S—¦”ä‚ÍA5.1iCI: 1.2 - 21.2j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@
i•MŽÒ‚Ì’F5.1”{‚ÌCI‚ÌŠÔŠu‚ª‘å‚«‚¢‚Ì‚ÅAǗᔂª­‚È‚¢Hj@

Two exposure characteristics were evaluated: cumulative exposure in µT-years and years spent under exposure to magnetic fields of > or = 10µT.
@
—ÝσÊTE”N’l‚ÆA10ƒÊTˆÈã‚É–\˜I‚µ‚½”N”‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚ÄA–\˜I󋵂à•]‰¿‚µ‚½B@

There was a significant increase in leukemia mortality of 0.9% (95% CI: 0.2- 1.7) per µT-year of cumulative exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields.
—ÝÏ’l‚ª1ƒÊTE”N–ˆ‚É”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŽ€–S—¦‚Í0.9%‘‰Á‚·‚éBi•MŽÒ‚Ì’F@‚±‚Ì”’l‚©‚çA100ƒÊT”N‚Å—]胊ƒXƒN‚Í–ñ‚P‚Æ‚È‚èAŽ€–S—¦”ä‚Í2”{‚Æ‚È‚éB1ƒKƒEƒX‚ð1”NŠÔ—‚Ñ‘±‚¯‚Ä—]胊ƒXƒN‚ª‚Pj@

The increase by years spent under exposure of >10 µT was even stronger: 62% per year (95% CI: 15-129).
10
ƒÊTˆÈã‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ɘA‘±‚µ‚Ä–\˜I‚·‚é‚ÆAŽ€–S—¦‚Í1”N–ˆ‚É62%‘‰Á‚·‚éB@

Brain cancer risk did not show a dose-response relation.
”]ŽîᇂɊւµ‚Ä‚ÍA—Ê\”½‰žŠÖŒW‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

This study contributes to the evidence for a link between heavy exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and leukemia.

Its strengths include reliable measurements and reliable historical reconstruction of exposures. @
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê‚ÍA‹­‚¢’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ðŽxŽ‚·‚éB@
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÍM—Š‚Å‚«‚鑪’è‚ÆA‰ß‹Ž‚ÌŽdŽ–‚È‚Ç‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é—š—ð‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍM—Š‚Å‚«‚éî•ñ‚ÉŠî‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚éB

•MŽÒ‚Ì’F@‚ǂ̂悤‚É‚µ‚ÄJOB|ƒ}ƒgƒŠƒbƒNƒX‚ð쬂µ‚½‚Ì‚©? Œ´’˜˜_•¶i‘S•¶j‚ð“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚Ý‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚éB


•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é


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‚Q‚TDƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN“d—Í]Ž–ŽÒ‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÆS‘Ÿ‹@”\‚ւ̉e‹¿@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@@ì¬G@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚Q‚O@
ŒfÚŽF@Am J Epidemiol
2002; 156:857-861A 2002@
˜_•¶–¼FRisk of Severe Cardiac Arrhythmia in Male Utility Workers: A Nationwide Danish Cohort Study @’j«“d—͉ïŽÐ]‹Æˆõ‚É‚¨‚¯‚éS‘Ÿ•s®–¬‚̃ŠƒXƒNAƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚Ì‘S‘‹K–͂̃Rƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFChristoffer Johansen1A Maria Feychting2A Mogens Møller3A Per Arnsbo3A Anders Ahlbom2 and Jørgen H. Olsen1
1 Institute of Cancer EpidemiologyA Danish Cancer SocietyA DK-2100 CopenhagenA Denmark.
2 Institute of Environmental Medicine
A Karolinska InstitutetA S-171 77 StockholmA Sweden.
3 Danish Pacemaker and ICD Register
A Department of CardiologyA Odense University HospitalA 5000 Odense CA Denmark. @

ŠT—vF@
To address concern about the potential cardiovascular effects of occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in the 50- to 60-Hz frequency band
A the authors launched an epidemiologic study of the incidence of severe cardiac arrhythmia, as indicated by the need for a pacemaker, in a nationwide cohort of Danish utility workers. @

‚T‚O|‚U‚O‚g‚š‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‚ÉE‹Æ“I‚É–\˜I‚·‚邱‚Æ‚É‚æ‚éS‘ŸŒŒŠÇ‹@”\‚ւ̉e‹¿‚ª‚ ‚é‚Ì‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢‚©‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œœ”O‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄAƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚Ì‘S‘‹K–Í‚Å‚Ì“d—͉ïŽÐ]Ž–ŽÒ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½ƒRƒz[ƒgW’c‚ÅAS‘Ÿ•s®–¬‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‰uŠw’²¸‚ð‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B@

The cohort of 24,056 men employed at utility companies between 1900 and 1993 was linked to the nationwide, population-based Danish Pacemaker Register, and the numbers of persons who had undergone pacemaker implantation between 1982 and 2000 were compared with corresponding numbers in the general population.

ƒRƒz[ƒgW’c‚Í“d—͉ïŽÐ‚É‚P‚X‚W‚OH”N‚©‚ç‚P‚X‚X‚R”N‚É‚©‚¯‚ċΖ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½‚Q‚S‚O‚T‚U–¼‚Å‚ ‚éB
‚±‚ê‚ðƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚ÌS‘Ÿƒy[ƒXƒ[ƒJ‚Ì“o˜^‚c‚a‚ð—˜—p‚µ‚ÄA‚P‚X‚W‚Q”N‚©‚ç‚Q‚O‚O‚O”N‚ÌŠÔ‚ÉS‘Ÿƒy[ƒXƒ[ƒJ‚ð‘•’…‚µ‚½l‚Ì”‚𒲂×Aˆê”ÊŒöO‚Ì•½‹Ï’l‚Æ”äŠr‚µ‚½B

In addition, the data on the utility workers were fitted to a multiplicative Poisson regression model in relation to estimated levels of exposure to 50-Hz electromagnetic fields.
‚T‚O‚g‚š@“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I—Ê‚à„’è‚µ‚½B@

Overall, based on 135 men with pacemakers (140 expected)
A there was no increased risk of severe cardiac arrhythmia among the utility employees; the risk estimate was 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.81-1.14). @

“d—͉ïŽÐ]Ž–ŽÒ‚Ì’†‚Ńy[ƒXƒ[ƒJ‚Ì‘•’…ŽÒ”‚Í‚P‚R‚T–¼Aˆê”Ê‚Ì•½‹Ï‚©‚çŽZo‚³‚ꂽŠú‘Ò’l‚Í‚P‚S‚O–¼‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B
“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚éƒy[ƒXƒ[ƒJ‘•’…‚̃ŠƒXƒN‘‘å‚̓IƒbƒY”ä‚OD‚X‚U‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

No clear dose-response pattern emerged with increasing levels of exposure to electromagnetic fields or with duration of employment.
@
‹Î–±”N”‚âA“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‹­“x‚Æ‚Ì—Ê\”½‰žŠÖŒW‚Í–³‚©‚Á‚½B@

These results are largely reassuringA since they do not support the hypothesis of a link between occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and an excess risk of severe cardiovascular arrhythmia leading to permanent implantation of a pacemaker.@
‚±‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚©‚çAu“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚ªS‘Ÿ•s®–¬‚Ì‘‰Á‚©‚çƒy[ƒXƒ[ƒJ‚ð‘•’…‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃç‚È‚­‚È‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒŠƒXƒN‚ª‚ ‚év‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰¼à‚ÍŽxŽ‚Å‚«‚È‚¢B@

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‚Q‚U.@‰p‘‚Ì“d—͉ïŽÐ]‹Æˆõ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN@

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½@ì¬G‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚Q‚W@

ŒfÚŽFOccup Environ Med
2001; 58:307-314 (May)
˜_•¶–¼FLeukemia mortality in relation to magnetic field exposure: findings from a study of United Kingdom electricity generation and transmission workers, 1973-97
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFJ M Harrington,  L Nichols, T Sorahan,  M van Tongeren

Institute of Occupational Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
@

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether risks of leukemia are related to occupational exposure to magnetic fields.
@
–Ú“IFŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È–\˜I‚ª”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚·‚é‚©‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä’²¸‚ðs‚¤B

METHODS: The mortality experienced by a cohort of 83 997 employees of the former Central Electricity Generating Board of England and Wales was investigated for the period 1973-97.
•û–@F@ƒCƒ“ƒOƒ‰ƒ“ƒh‚ƃEƒG[ƒ‹ƒY‚Ì‚©‚‚ĂÍCEGB‚ƌĂ΂ꂽ“d—͉ïŽÐ‚Ì]‹Æˆõ83997–¼‚ð‘ÎÛ‚ÉA1973”N‚©‚ç1997”N‚É‚©‚¯‚Ä’²¸‚ðs‚Á‚½B@

All employees were employed for at least 6 months with some employment in the period 1973-82.
‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½]‹Æˆõ‚Í1973”N‚©‚ç1982”N‚ÌŠÔ‚ÅAÅ’á6ƒ–ŒŽ‚͋Ζ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½l‚Å‚ ‚éB@

Computeri
‚“ed work histories were available for 79 972 study subjects for the period 1971-93.

ƒRƒ“ƒsƒ…[ƒ^‚É“ü—Í‚³‚ê‚ĉߋŽ‚ÌE–±—ð‚ª–¾Šm‚È]‹Æˆõ”‚Í79972–¼‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

Detailed calculations were performed by others to enable a novel assessment to be made of exposures to magnetic fields. Two analytical approaches were used
A indirect standardization (n=83 997) and Poisson regression (n=79 972).
Ž¥ŠE–\˜I•]‰¿‚Í‘¼‚ÌŒ¤‹†ŽÒ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Äs‚í‚ꂽB@“ñ‚‚̉ðÍ–@‚ʼnðÍ‚ðs‚Á‚½B@

RESULTS: Based on serial mortalities for England and Wales, the standardized mortality ratio of 84 for all leukemias (observed 111, expected 132.3) was similar to that of 83 for all causes (observed 14 845, expected 17 918).
Œ‹‰ÊF”’ŒŒ•a‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍŽ€–S—¦”ä‚W‚SAŠú‘Ò’l132.3‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄAŠÏŽ@’l‚Í111‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B
‚±‚ê‚Í‘S‚Ä‚ÌŽ€–SŒ´ˆö‚ł̔䗦‚Æ“¯’ö“x‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B
‘SŽ€–S‚Å‚ÍŽ€–S—¦”ä‚W‚RAŠú‘Ò’l‚P‚V‚X‚P‚W‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄŠÏŽ@’l‚Í‚P‚S‚W‚S‚T‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

No significant positive trends were found for the risks of various types of leukemia (chronic lymphatic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, all leukemia) either with lifetime cumulative exposure to magnetic fields or with such exposures received in the most recent 5 years.
@
”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŽí—ނʼnðÍ‚µ‚Ä‚àA‚·‚ׂĂð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚àA’¼‹ß‚Ì5”NŠÔ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I—ʂʼnðÍ‚µ‚Ä‚àA‘S¶ŠU—ÝÏ–\˜I’l‚ʼnðÍ‚µ‚Ä‚àA—LˆÓ‚ȃŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

CONCLUSIONS: There are no discernible excess risks of leukemia as a consequence of occupational exposure to magnetic fields in United Kingdom electricity generation and transmission workers.
Œ‹˜_F‰p‘‚Ì“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ‚É]Ž–‚·‚él‚ÉE‹Æ“I‚ÉŽ¥ŠE‚É–\˜I‚·‚邱‚Æ‚É‚æ‚é”’ŒŒ•a‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄAŽ¯•Ê‚Å‚«‚é‰ßè‚ȃŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚Q‚VD‰p‘“d—Í]Ž–ŽÒ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Æ”]Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN@@

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½@ì¬G‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚Q|‚P‚U@

ŒfÚŽFOccu Environ Med
2001;58:626-630 ( October )
˜_•¶–¼FOccupational exposure to magnetic fields relative to mortality from brain tumors: updated and revised findings from a study of United Kingdom electricity generation and transmission workers, 1973-97 @
‰p‘“d—Í]‹Æˆõ‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”]Žîᇂł̎€–S—¦‚ÌŠÖŒWG1973|97”N‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÌŒ©’¼‚µ‚©‚ç@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒGT SorahanA L NicholsA M van TongerenA J M Harrington
@
Institute of Occupational Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
@

OBJECTIVE
FTo investigate whether risk of brain tumor is related to occupational exposure to magnetic fields.@
–Ú“IFŽ¥ŠE‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È–\˜I‚ª”]Žî“’‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚É‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©”Û‚©‚ðŠm‚©‚ß‚éB@

METHODS
FThe mortality experienced by a cohort of 83 997 employees of the former Central Electricity Generating Board of England and Wales was investigated for the period 1973-97.
•û–@FƒCƒ“ƒOƒ‰ƒ“ƒh‚ƃEƒG[ƒ‹ƒY‚Ì“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ83997–¼‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µA1973|1997”N‚É‚©‚¯‚Ä‚ÌŽ€–S—¦‚𒲸‚µ‚½B

All workers were employed for at least 6 months with some employment in the period 1973-82.
1973
|82”N‚ÌŠÔ‚ÉÅ’áŒÀ“x6ƒ–ŒŽ‹Î–±‚µ‚½‘S‚Ä‚Ì]Ž–ŽÒ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½B@

Computerized work histories were available for 79 972 study subjects for the period 1971-93.
1971
|93”N‚ÌŠÔ‚ÌA79972–¼‚ÌE–±—ð‚ªAƒRƒ“ƒsƒ…[ƒ^ƒf[ƒ^‚Æ‚µ‚Ä“üŽè‚Å‚«‚½B@

Detailed calculations had been performed by others to enable a novel assessment to be made of exposures to magnetic fields.
@ÚׂȌvŽZ‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Ì•]‰¿‚É‚æ‚Á‚Äs‚Á‚½B

Two analytical approaches were used
A indirect standardization (n=83 997) and Poisson regression (n=79 972).@2Ží—ނ̉ðÍ–@‚ðÌ—p‚µ‚½B

RESULTS
FBased on serial mortalities for England and WalesA deaths from brain cancer were close to expectation (observed 158, expected 146.4).
Œ‹‰ÊF“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒŠÔ‚Ì”]Žîᇂł̎€–S—¦‚ÍAˆê”Ê‚ÌŠ„‡‚©‚çŒvŽZ‚µ‚½Šú‘Ò’l‚É‹ß‚¢’l‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@
iŠÏŽ@’l158A@Šú‘Ò’l146.4j@

No significant positive trends were shown for risks of brain tumors either with lifetime cumulative exposure to magnetic fields or with such exposures received in the most recent 5 years.
@
Ž¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚ÌIg—ÝÏ’l‚Å‚àA’¼‹ß‚Ì5ƒ•”N‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Å‚àA—LˆÓ‚È”]Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

CONCLUSIONS
FThere are no discernible excess risks of brain tumors as a consequence of occupational exposure to magnetic fields in United Kingdom electricity generation and transmission workers.@
Œ‹˜_F
‰p‘‚Ì“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚é”]ŽîᇂÌA”FŽ¯‚Å‚«‚é‰ßè‚ȃŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚¢B@

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚Q‚VAD‰p‘ Harrington‚ç‚Ì“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]‹Æˆõ‚Æ”]‚ÌŠà‚Ì1997”NŒ¤‹†

‹LF‚Q‚O‚Q‚P|‚R|‚P‚T

ˆÈ‰º‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ª‚ ‚éB

ŒfÚŽ: Occup Environ Med 1997; 54 (1): 7-13
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FOccupational exposure to magnetic fields in relation to mortality from brain cancer among electricity generation and transmission workers.
”­‘—“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Æ”]Žîᇂɂæ‚鎀–S—¦‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW
’˜ŽÒ: Harrington JM, McBride DI, Sorahan T, Paddle GM, van Tongeren M

Abstract
ŠT—vF
Objective
FTo investigate whether the risks of mortality from brain cancer are related to occupational exposure to magnetic fields.
–Ú“IG”]‚ÌŠà‚É‚æ‚鎀–SƒŠƒXƒN‚ªŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚ÌE‹Æ“I”˜˜I‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©‚𒲂ׂéB

Methods
F•û–@
A total of 112 cases of primary brain cancer (1972-91) were identified from a cohort of 84018 male and female employees of the (then) Central Electricity Generating Board and its privatized successor companies.
Œ´”­«”]‚ÌŠà(1972-91”N)‚̇Œv112Œ‚ÌÇ—á‚ðA(“–Žž‚Ì)’†‰›”­“dˆÏˆõ‰ï‚Æ‚»‚ÌŒã‚Ì–¯‰c‰»‚³‚ꂽŒãŒp‰ïŽÐ‚ɋ΂߂½84018l‚Ì’j—]‹Æˆõ‚̃Rƒz[ƒg‚©‚ç’Šo‚µ‚½B

Individual cumulative occupational exposures to magnetic fields were estimated by linking available computerized job history data with magnetic field measurements collected over 675 person-work shifts.
Ž¥ê‚ɑ΂·‚éŒÂX‚Ì—ÝÏE‹Æ“I”˜˜I—Ê‚ÍA—˜—p‰Â”\‚ȃRƒ“ƒsƒ…[ƒ^‰»‚³‚ꂽE—ðƒf[ƒ^‚Æ675ˆÈã‚ÌlEƒVƒtƒg‚ÅŽûW‚³‚ꂽŽ¥ê‘ª’è’l‚ð—˜—p‚µ‚ÄA„’肵‚½B

Estimated exposure histories of the case workers were compared with those of 654 control workers drawn from the cohort (nested case-control study), by means of conditional logistic regression.
Ç—á‚Ì]‹Æˆõ‚Ì„’蔘˜I—š—ð‚ÍAðŒ•t‚«ƒƒWƒXƒeƒBƒbƒN‰ñ‹A‚É‚æ‚Á‚ÄAƒRƒz[ƒg(ƒRƒz[ƒg“àÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†)‚©‚çˆø‚«o‚³‚ꂽ654l‚Ì‘ÎÆŒQ˜J“­ŽÒ‚Ì„’蔘˜I—š—ð‚Æ”äŠr‚³‚ꂽB

Results
FŒ‹‰Ê
For exposure assessments based on arithmetic means, the risk of mortality from brain cancer for subjects with an estimated cumulative exposure to magnetic fields of 5.4-13.4 uT-y v subjects with lower exposures (0.0-5.3 uT-y) was 1.04 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.60 to 1.80).
ŽZp•½‹Ï‚ÉŠî‚­”˜˜I•]‰¿‚Å‚ÍA’ᔘ˜I(0.0-5.3 ƒÊT-y‚ÌŽ¥ŠE)‚Ö‚Ì„’è—ÝÏ”˜˜I‚ðŽó‚¯‚½ŒQ‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄA’†”˜˜I(5.4-13.4ƒÊT-y)‚ÌŒQ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é”]‚ÌŠà‚É‚æ‚鎀–SƒŠƒXƒN‚Í1.04(95%M—Š‹æŠÔF0.60]1.8)‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

The corresponding relative risk in subjects with higher exposures (> 13.5 uT-y) was 095 (95% CI 0,54 to 1.69).

‚–\˜I(13.5ƒÊT-yˆÈã)‚ÌŒQ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é‘Ήž‚·‚é‘Š‘ΓIƒŠƒXƒN‚Í0.95(95%CIF0.54]1.69)‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

There was no indication of a positive trend for cumulative exposure and risk of mortality from brain cancer either when the analysis used exposure assessments based on geometric means or when the analysis was restricted to exposures received within five years of the case diagnosis (or corresponding period for controls).
•ªÍ‚ðŠô‰½Šw“IŽè’i‚ÉŠî‚¢‚Ä”˜˜I•]‰¿‚ð‚µ‚½ŽžA‚Ü‚½A•ªÍ‚ðǗႪŠà‚Æf’fi‘ÎÆŒQ‚ÌꇂÍA‚»‚ê‚ɑΉž‚·‚鎞Šúj‚³‚ê‚éˆÈ‘O‚Ɏ󂯂½”˜˜I‚ÉŒÀ’肵‚½‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚àA”]‚ÌŠà‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚Í—ÝÏ”˜˜I‚ÆŽ€–SƒŠƒXƒN‚ɑ΂·‚ém’è“IiŠÖ˜A«‚ª—z«j‚ÈŒXŒü‚Ì’›Œó‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Conclusions: Œ‹˜_
Although the exposure categorization was based solely on recent observations, the study findings do not support the hypothesis that the risk of brain cancer is associated with occupational exposure to magnetic fields.
”˜˜I•ª—Þ‚ÍÅ‹ß‚ÌŠÏŽ@‚Ì‚Ý‚ÉŠî‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚½‚ªA‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê‚ÍA”]‚ÌŠà‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ªŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚ÌE‹Æ“I”˜˜I‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰¼à‚ðŽxŽ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢B


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•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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29B. ƒtƒ‰ƒ“ƒX‘—§H•i•iŠÂ‹«˜J“­‰q¶ˆÀ‘S’¡iANSESj‚ª’áŽü”g“dŽ¥ŠE‚ÌŒ’N‰e‹¿•ñ‚Q‚O‚P‚X”N

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2019.6.27ŒfÚ

 

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ŽÀÛ‚ÉA‚ ‚éŽí‚ÌE‹Æ“I”˜˜IƒVƒiƒŠƒI‚Å‚ÍA‘ÙŽ™‚Ì—U“±“d—¬–§“x‚͈ê”ÊŒöO‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄŠ©‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éŒÀ“x’l‚æ‚è‚à‚‚¢‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ªŽ¦‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·B
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Œ´•¶iƒtƒ‰ƒ“ƒXŒêjF

https://www.anses.fr/fr/content/effets-sanitaires-li%C3%A9s-%C3%A0-l%E2%80%99exposition-aux-champs-%C3%A9lectromagn%C3%A9tiquesbasses-fr%C3%A9quences (https://www.anses.fr/fr/content/effets-sanitaires-li%C3%A9s-%C3%A0-l%E2%80%99exposition-auxchamps-%C3%A9lectromagn%C3%A9tiques-basses-fr%C3%A9quences)

—vŽ|i‰pŒêjF

https://www.anses.fr/en/system/files/AP2013SA0038EN.pdf (https://www.anses.fr/en/system/files/AP2013SA0038EN.pdf)

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•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚R‚ODƒJƒiƒ_‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”]Žîá‡@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½@ì¬F‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚Q‚P@
ŒfÚŽFInternational Journal of Epidemiology 2002;31:210-217@

˜_•¶–¼FBrain cancer and occupational exposure to magnetic fields among men: results from a Canadian population-based case-control study @
’j«‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”]Žîᇂɂ‚¢‚ẴJƒiƒ_‚ÌÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFPaul J VilleneuveaA David A AgnewcA Kenneth C Johnsona and Yang Maoa and the Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group@

Abstract
@ŠT—v@
Background: The relationship between occupational exposure to magnetic fields and brain cancer in men was investigated using population-based case-control data collected in eight Canadian provinces. Emphasis was placed on examining the variations in risk across different histological types.
@

”wŒiF’j«‚ªE‹Æ“I‚ÉŽ¥ŠE‚É–\˜I‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Æ”]ŽîᇂƂ̊֌W‚ðAƒJƒiƒ_‚Ì‚WB‚ÅÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚ð‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B“Á‚ÉA‘gDŠw“I‚ȉðÍ‚ð‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B@

Methods: A list of occupations was compiled for 543 cases and 543 controls that were individually matched by age.

•û–@F‚T‚S‚R‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ”N—î‚ðƒ}ƒbƒ`‚³‚¹‚½‚T‚S‚R‚Ì‘ÎÆŒS‚ÌE‹Æ‚ðƒŠƒXƒg‚µ‚½B@

Occupations were categorized according to their average magnetic field exposure through blinded expert review (<0.3,  0.3-<0.6A and  0.6 ƒÊT). @

ŠeE‹Æ‚Í–ÓŒŸ“I‚Éê–å‰Æ‚̃`ƒFƒbƒN‚É‚æ‚Á‚ÄA•½‹ÏŽ¥ŠE–\˜I—Êi0.3ˆÈ‰ºA0.3|0.6A0.6ƒÊTˆÈãj‚É•ª—Þ‚³‚ꂽB@

In totalA 133 cases (14%) and 123 controls (12%) were estimated to have at least one occupation whereby magnetic field exposures exceeded 0.3ƒÊT. Odds ratios (OR) were generated using conditional logistic regressionA and were adjusted for suspected occupational risk factors for brain cancer. @

‡Œv133‚ÌÇ—á”i14“j‚Æ123‚Ì‘ÎÆŒSi12“j‚ÍA0.3ƒÊTˆÈã‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ðŽó‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚éE‹Æ‚ÌA­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à‚ЂƂ‚ÌE‹Æ‚ÉŠ‘®‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½B@‚»‚µ‚Ä”]Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN‚ðƒIƒbƒY”ä‚ÅŒvŽZ‚µ‚½B

Results: A non-significantly increased risk of brain cancer was observed among men who had ever held a job with an average magnetic field exposure >0.6ƒÊT relative to those with exposures <0.3ƒÊT (OR = 1.33,  95% CI: 0.75-2.36). @

Œ‹‰ÊF0.3ƒÊTˆÈ‰º‚Ì–\˜I‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄA0.6ƒÊTˆÈã‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚é”]Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN‚̃IƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.33iCI: 0.75-2.36j‚ÅA—LˆÓ‚È‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

A more pronounced risk was observed among men diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (‘½Œ`‚Ì_ŒoäPŽ¿•ê×–EŽî)(OR = 5.36A 95% CI: 1.16-24.78).

–¾Šm‚ȃŠƒXƒN‚Í‘½Œ`‚Ì_ŒoäPŽ¿•ê×–EŽî‚É‚ ‚èAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í5.36iCI:1.16|24.78j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

MoreoverA a cumulative time weighted index score of magnetic field exposure was significantly related to glioblastoma multiforme (P = 0.02). @

‚»‚µ‚Ä‘½Œ`‚Ì_ŒoäPŽ¿•ê×–EŽî‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚Í—ÝÏ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Ì‹­‚³‚ÆŠÖ˜A«‚ª‚ ‚Á‚½B

In contrastA magnetic field exposures were not associated with astrocytoma or other brain cancers. @

ˆê•ûA¯ó×–EŽî‚Æ‚»‚Ì‘¼‚Ì”]ŽîᇂɊւµ‚Ä‚ÍŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚Í–³‚©‚Á‚½B@

Conclusions Our findings support the hypothesis that occupational magnetic field exposure increases the risk of glioblastoma multiforme. @

Œ‹˜_F¡‰ñ‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚ÍA‘½Œ`‚Ì_ŒoäPŽ¿•ê×–EŽî‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍAE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚Á‚ăŠƒXƒN‚ª‘‰Á‚·‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰¼à‚ðŽxŽ‚·‚éB@

ˆÈã@@‹»–¡‚Ì‚ ‚é•û‚ÍAŒ´’˜i‘S•¶j‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚Ä“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢B

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚R‚PDƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚Ì“d—͉ïŽÐ]‹Æˆõ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ‘½”­«d‰»Ç‚̃ŠƒXƒN

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽèB@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½@ì¬F‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚Q‚X@
ŒfÚŽFNeurology
1999;52:1279@

˜_•¶–¼FMultiple sclerosisi‘½”­«d‰»Çjamong utility workers @
“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒŠÔ‚Ì‘½”­«d‰»Ç‚̃ŠƒXƒN@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFChristoffer JohansenA MDA Nils Koch-HenriksenA MDA Søren RasmussenA MSc and Jøorgen H. OlsenA MD

ŠT—vF@
The incidence of MS was assessed in a nationwide cohort study of 31,990 employees of Danish utility companies between 1900 and 1993.
@
1900
”Ni?j‚©‚ç1993 ”N‚ÌŠÔ‚ÌAƒfƒ“ƒ}[ƒN‚Ì“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ31,990 –¼‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½ƒRƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†‚ÅA‘½”­«d‰»Ç‚Ì”­¶—¦‚𒲸‚µ‚½B@

Overall, 32 cases of MS were diagnosed, as compared with 23.7 expected from national incidence rates, to yield a standardized incidence ratio of 1.35 (95% confidence interval  0.92 to 1.91).
Šú‘Ò’l23.7Œ‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄAŠÏŽ@’l‚Í32Œ‚Å‚ ‚èA•W€‰»”­¶—¦‚Í1.35iCIF0.92-1.91j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

We found no support for the hypothesis of an association between occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and the risk of MS.
@
‚±‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚ÍAE‹Æ“I‚È“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚Æ‘½”­«d‰»Ç‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚鉼à‚ðŽxŽ‚µ‚È‚¢B@

––––––––––––@@@–––––––––––––––

‹»–¡‚Ì‚ ‚é•û‚ÍŒ´’˜i‘S•¶j‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚Ä“Ç‚ñ‚Å‚­‚¾‚³‚¢B

 

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Çó‚ðŒ»‚·Œ´ˆö‚Æ‚È‚é•a‘ƒied‰»f‚‚܂èA•a‘ƒ‚Ì_Œo‘gD‚ªG‚Á‚Ä‚Ý‚é‚Æd‚­‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éj@‚ª‘å”]‚âÒ‘A‚Ü‚ê‚É––½_Œo‚Æ‚¢‚í‚ê‚élŠÔ‚Ì_Œo‘gD‚ÉAˆê‚ˆÈãŠô‚‚àA‚ ‚¿‚±‚¿‚ÉŽUÝ‚µ‚Äo—ˆ‚Ä‚«‚Ü‚·B
‚©‚È‚è‹}‚É•à‚­‚Æ‚Ó‚ç‚‚­A–Ú‚ª‚©‚·‚ÞA“ñd‚ÉŒ©‚¦‚éA”A‚ªo‚É‚­‚¢A‚È‚Ç‚ÌÇó‚Å”­•a‚µ‚Ü‚·B
‚Æ‚­‚É—«‚Í’j«‚É‚­‚ç‚×A‚±‚Ì•a‹C‚É‚©‚©‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚él‚ª‚â‚⑽‚­A“ú–{‚Å‚Í‚l‚rŠ³ŽÒ‚ÍlŒû10–œl“–‚½‚è3.7‚©‚瑽‚­‚Ä‚à5.0l‚®‚ç‚¢‚Å‚ ‚é‚Æl‚¦‚ç‚ê‚Ü‚·‚ªA‰¢•Äl‚ÌŠÔ‚Å‚Í‚à‚Á‚Æ‘½‚¢•a‹C‚ÅA‚±‚Ì”Žš‚Í30.0‚©‚ç90.0‚®‚ç‚¢‚É‚È‚è‚Ü‚·B

 

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‚R‚QD×–E‚É100ƒÊTŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚µ‚Ä‚à‰e‹¿‚È‚µ@@


ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚R‚O@@

ŒfÚŽ†FCarcinogenesis, Vol. 21, No. 6, 1221-1226, June 2000@
˜_•¶–¼FEffects of 60 Hz extremely low frequency magnetic fields (EMF) on radiation- and chemical-induced mutagenesis in mammalian cells @
šM“û—Þ×–E‚ð—p‚¢‚½•úŽËüE”­‚ª‚ñ«‰»Šw•¨Ž¿‚Å—U“±‚µ‚½60HzŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÌŒø‰Ê@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFRaheel M. Ansari and Tom K. Hei1 @
Center for Radiological Research, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, VC 11-218, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA @

ŠT—vF@
There is considerable uncertainty of the potential biological effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF or EMF) because of mixed results in epidemiological and laboratory studies.
‰uŠw‚âŽÀŒ±Žº‚Å‚ÌŽÀŠ´‚Å‚ÍŒ‹‰Ê‚̈ê’v‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚©‚çA•sŠm’è‚ÅŠm”F‚·‚ׂ«‰Û‘è‚Æ‚µ‚ÄAEMFŽ¥ŠE‚̶‘̂ւ̉e‹¿‚ª‚ ‚éB@

In the present study, exponentially growing human
hamster hybrid AL cells were treated with a 100 µT alternating EMF powered at 60 Hz for either 24 h or 7 days. @
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍA60Hz‚Å100ƒÊTi1ƒKƒEƒXj ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ð24ŽžŠÔ‚à‚µ‚­‚Í7“úŠÔAƒqƒg‚ƃnƒ€ƒXƒ^[‚ðŠ|‚¯‡‚킹‚½×–E‚Ɉó‰Á‚µ‚½B

Exposure to EMF was conducted either alone or in combination with graded doses of a physical or chemical carcinogen.
@
Ž¥ŠE‚¾‚¯‚É–\˜I‚µ‚½ŽÀŒ±‚ÆA•¨—“I‚à‚µ‚­‚͉»Šw“I‚È”­‚ª‚ñ«•¨Ž¿‚Æ‚Ì‘g‚݇‚킹‚Å‚àŽÀŒ±‚ðs‚Á‚½B@

ƒÁ-radiation was chosen as a form of ionizing radiation while N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was chosen as a form of chemical contaminant@
ƒKƒ“ƒ}[ü‚𕨗“I‚È“d—£•úŽËüŒ¹‚Æ‚µ‚ÄAMNNG‚ð‰»Šw“I‚È”­ƒKƒ“•¨Ž¿‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‘I‘ð‚µ‚½B@

Exposure of AL cells to EMF alone for a period up to 7 days was non-cytotoxic and non-mutagenic.
@
Ž¥ŠE‚¾‚¯‚Ì–\˜I‚Å‚ÍA24ŽžŠÔ‚Å‚à7“úŠÔ‚Ì–\˜I‚Å‚àA×–E“Å«‚â“Ë‘R•ÏˆÙ‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

Concurrent EMF treatment did not increase either the cytotoxicity or induction of CD59
mutants by graded doses of ƒÁ-rays or MNNG in AL cells.@
ƒKƒ“ƒ}[üAMNNG‚É‚æ‚é”­ƒKƒ“‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä‘‰Á‚µ‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

This study shows conclusively that short-term or long-term exposure to EMF alone neither affects the survival of AL cells nor increases the mutagenic potency of other environmental carcinogens.
@
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÅA’ZŠú‚Æ’·Šú‚Å‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE‚¾‚¯‚Ì–\˜I‚Å‚àA‚Ü‚½‘¼‚Ì”­Šà•¨Ž¿‚ÌŒø—Í‚ð‘‰Á‚³‚¹‚½‚èA×–E‚̶‘¶—¦‚ɉe‹¿‚µ‚½‚è‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Í‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¦‚éB@

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚R‚RD“d—͉ïŽÐ‚Å‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Í–â‘肪‚È‚­A“dŠE–\˜I‚ª–â‘è‚Æ‚·‚錤‹†¬‰Ê@@

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽèB@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P|‚R‚P@
@ƒgƒƒ“ƒg‘åŠw‚ÌMiller‚͈ê˜A‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å“dŠE‚Ƃ̈ö‰ÊŠÖŒW‚ð•ñ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB@

ŒfÚŽFOccup Environ Med
2000;@57:249-257 ( April )
˜_•¶–¼FNon-Hodgkin's lymphoma among electric utility workers in Ontario: the evaluation of alternate indices of exposure to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields @
ƒIƒ“ƒ^ƒŠƒI‚Ì“d—͉ïŽÐ]‹Æˆõ‚Ì”ñƒzƒWƒLƒ“”’ŒŒ•aF‚U‚OHz “dŽ¥ŠE–\˜IŽw•W‚Ì•]‰¿@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFPaul J Villeneuvea bA David A Agnewa cA Anthony B MilleraA Paul N Coreya
@
oa Department of Public Health SciencesA University of TorontoA TorontoA OntarioA CanadaA b Department of Epidemiology and Community MedicineA Faculty of MedicineA University of OttawaA OttawaA OntarioA CanadaA c Ontario Power GenerationA TorontoA OntarioA Canada@

OBJECTIVES
G To examine associations between non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and exposures to 60 Hz magnetic and electric fields in electric@utility workers with a series of indices that capture a variety of aspects of field strength.@
–Ú“IF“d—͉ïŽÐ]‹Æˆõ‚Ì‚U‚OHz“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”ñƒzƒWƒLƒ“”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ðA‚¢‚ë‚¢‚ë‚È–\˜I•]‰¿Žw”‚ð—p‚¢‚ÄŒŸ“¢‚·‚éB@

METHODS
F The study population consisted of 51 cases of NHL and 203 individually matched controls identified from within a cohort of male electric utility workers in Ontario.

Odds ratios were calculated for several exposure indices with conditional logistic regression models. @
•û–@F51–¼‚Ì”ñƒzƒWƒLƒ“”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌÇ—á‚ÆA203–¼‚Ì‘ÎÆŒQ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½B@‚¢‚ë‚¢‚ë‚È–\˜IŽw”‚ð—p‚¢‚ăIƒbƒY”ä‚ðŒŸ“¢‚µ‚½B

Aspects of exposure to electric and magnetic fields that were modeled included: the percentage of time spent above selected threshold field intensities, mean transitions in field strength, SD, and the arithmetic and geometric mean field intensities.
@
“Á’è‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‹­“x‚ð臒l‚Æ‚µ‚Äݒ肵‚Ä‚»‚êˆÈã‚Ì‹­“x‚É–\˜I‚·‚鎞ŠÔ‚ÌŠ„‡AŽZp“I•½‹Ï’lAŠô‰½Šw“I‚È•½‹Ï’l‚È‚Ç‚ð–\˜IŽw”‚Æ‚µ‚½B@

RESULTS
F For the most part, there was a lack of an association between exposure indices of magnetic fields and the incidence of NHL. @
Subjects in the upper tertile of percentage of time spent above electric field intensities of 10 and 40 V/m had odds ratios of 3.05 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.07 to 8.80) and 3.57 (1.30 to 9.80), respectivelyA when compared with those in the lowest tertile.

‰ð͂̑命”‚Å‚ÍA”ñƒzƒWƒLƒ“”’ŒŒ•a‚ÆŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@
‚µ‚©‚µA‚P‚OV/m‚Æ‚S‚OV/m‚ð’´‚¦‚é“dŠE‹­“x‚É–\˜I‚·‚鎞ŠÔ‚ÌŠ„‡‚ª‚‚©‚Á‚½l‚̃IƒbƒY”ñ‚ÍŠ„‡‚Ì’á‚©‚Á‚½l‚É”ä‚ׂ½ŽžA‚»‚ꂼ‚ê‚RD‚O‚TiCI:‚PD‚R‚O|‚XD‚W‚OjA‚RD‚T‚ViCI:‚PD‚O‚V|‚WD‚W‚Oj‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

Moreover, the percentages of time spent above these electric field thresholds were significant predictors of case status over and above the association explained by duration of employment and the arithmetic or geometric mean exposure.
@
ã‹L‚Ì“dŠE‹­“x‚Ì臒l‚ð‰z‚¦‚é–\˜I‚ðŽó‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚鎞ŠÔ‚ÌŠ„‡‚ÍAÇ—á‚Ì–\˜Ió‹µ‚ðŽ¦‚·Žw•W‚Æ‚È‚èA‹Î–±”N”‚â–\˜I‹­“x‚ÌŽZp•½‹ÏEŠô‰½Šw“I•½‹Ï’l‚Æ–§Ú‚ÉŠÖŒW‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB@

CONCLUSIONS
F These data suggest that exposures above electric field threshold intensities of 10 and 40 V/m are important predictors of NHL. @
Consequently. the findings support the hypothesis that electric fields may play a promoting part in the aetiology
i•aˆöŠwj of this cancer. @
Œ‹˜_F–\˜I‚·‚é“dŠE‹­“x‚P‚OV/m‚â‚S‚OV/m‚Íd—v‚È—\‘ªŽw”‚Æ‚È‚éB
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†¬‰Ê‚Í‚ª‚ñ‚Ì•aˆöŠw‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄA“dŠE‚ªƒvƒƒ‚[ƒ^ì—p‚ðŽ‚‚Ƃ¢‚¤‰¼à‚ðŽxŽ‚·‚éB@

Further occupational studies that include assessment of exposure to electric fields and measures of field strength above similar threshold cut off points are needed to confirm these findings.
@
¡Œã‚ÌE‹Æ–\˜I‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚錤‹†‚Å‚ÍA¡‰ñŽ¦‚µ‚½‚悤‚È臒l‚ð—p‚¢‚ÄA“dŽ¥ŠE‹­“x‚Ì–\˜I•]‰¿‚às‚¢A‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†¬‰Ê‚ðŠm‚©‚ß‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚éB@

 

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‚R‚SD@ƒAƒƒŠƒJ‚̃Šƒlƒbƒg‚̬Ž™‚ªƒ“‚ÆŽ¥ŠE‚̉uŠwŒ¤‹†@


˜_•¶–¼FResidential Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children@Žq‹Ÿ‚Ì‹}«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÆZŠÂ‹«‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎥ŠE–\˜I@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFMartha S. LinetA M.D.A Elizabeth E. HatchA Ph.D.A Ruth A. KleinermanA M.P.H.A et al:
ŒfÚŽGŽFThe New England Journal of Medicine@Volume 337:1-8. Number 1. July 3A 1997    

ABSTRACT ŠT—v
Background
F”wŒi
Previous studies found associations between childhood leukemia and surrogate indicators of exposure to magnetic fields (the power-line classification scheme known as "wire coding")
A@but not between childhood leukemia and measurements of 60-Hz residential magnetic fields.
Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚Ì‘ã—pŽw”‚Æ‚µ‚ẴƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Å‚ÍŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚鬎™”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚ª•ñ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邪AŽÀ‘ª‚µ‚½Ž¥ŠE–\˜I’l‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ÍŒ©‚‚©‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢B

Methods
F•û–@@
We enrolled 638 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who were under 15 years of age and were registered with the Children's Cancer Group and 620 controls in a study of residential exposure to magnetic fields generated by nearby power lines.
ZŠÂ‹«‰º‚ÅA‘—“dü‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä”­¶‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚鎥ŠE–\˜I‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Ì‚½‚ß‚ÉAƒKƒ““o˜^‚©‚ç15Έȉº‚Å‹}«”’ŒŒ•a‚É‚È‚Á‚½‚U‚R‚W‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ‚U‚Q‚O‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ð‘I‘ð‚µ‚½B

In the subjects' current and former homes
A data collectors blinded to the subjects' health status measured magnetic fields for 24 hours in each child's bedroom and for 30 seconds in three or four other rooms and outside the front door.
Ž¥ŠE‚Ì‹­‚³‚𑪒肷‚é‹ZpŽÒ‚ÍA‘ª’è‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚È‚é‰Æ’낪AÇ—á‚©‘ÎÆ‚©AŒ»ÝZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚é‰Æ‚©A‰ß‹Ž‚ÉZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚½‰Æ‚©‚Í‚í‚©‚ç‚È‚¢‚悤‚ÉA–ÓŒŸ–@‚Ås‚Á‚½BŽ¥ŠE‚Ì‘ª’è‚Í24ŽžŠÔŽq‹Ÿ‚ÌQŽº‚ÅA‚»‚µ‚Ä30•bŠÔ‚Ì‚R|‚S‚Ì‘¼‚Ì•”‰®‚ÆŒºŠÖ‚ÌŠO‘¤‚Å‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B

A computer algorithm assigned wire-code categories
A based on the distance and configuration of nearby power linesA to the subjects' main residences (for 416 case patients and 416 controls) and to those where the family had lived during the mother's pregnancy with the subject (for 230 case patients and 230 controls).
Še416‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ‘ÎƂɑ΂µ‚ÄA‚Ì‘—“dü‚Ì\¬‚â‘—“dü‚ƉƂ̋——£‚È‚Ç‚©‚烃Cƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚̃Rƒ“ƒsƒ…[ƒ^”»’è‚Ås‚Á‚½B‚Ü‚½Še230‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ‘ÎƂɑ΂µ‚Ä‚ÍA•êe‚ª”DP’†‚ÉZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚½‰Æ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚É‚µ‚ÄAŒ¤‹†‚ðs‚Á‚½B@

Results
Œ‹‰ÊF@
The risk of childhood ALL was not linked to summary time-weighted average residential magnetic-field levels
A categorized according to a priori criteria.
“–‰‚ÌŒ¤‹†‰Û‘èÝ’è‚É‚Ì‚Á‚Æ‚ès‚Á‚½ZŠÂ‹«‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎞ŠÔ‚Éd‚Ý•t‚¯‚ð‚µ‚½•½‹ÏŽ¥ŠE’l‚Æ”­ƒKƒ“‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ÍŒ©o‚¹‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

The odds ratio for ALL was 1.24 (95 percent confidence interval
A 0.86 to 1.79) at exposures of 0.200 µT or greater as compared with less than 0.065 µT.

0.065ƒÊTˆÈ‰º‚Æ”äŠr‚µ‚Ä0.2ƒÊTˆÈã‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜IŒQ‚Å‚ÍA‹}«¬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‘‰Á‚̃IƒbƒY”ä‚Í‚PD‚Q‚Si‚X‚T“M—Š‹æŠÔF‚OD‚W‚U|‚PD‚V‚Xj‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

The risk of ALL was not increased among children whose main residences were in the highest wire-code category (odds ratio as compared with the lowest category
A 0.88; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.48 to 1.63).
ƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh@‚ł̉ðÍ‚Å‚àA‚–\˜IŒQ‚ł̃IƒbƒY”ä‚Í‚OD‚W‚Wi‚X‚T“M—Š‹æŠÔF‚OD‚S‚W|‚PD‚U‚Rj‚Å‚ ‚èA¬Ž™‹}«”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

Furthermore, the risk was not significantly associated with either residential magnetic-field levels or the wire codes of the homes mothers resided in when pregnant with the subjects.
‚³‚ç‚ÉA•êe‚ª”DP’†‚ÉZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚½ZŠÂ‹«‚É‚¨‚¯‚éŽÀ‘ª‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‹­“x‚ÆAƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Æ‚à—LˆÓ‚ÈŠÖ˜A«‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

Conclusions
@Œ‹˜_F@
Our results provide little evidence that living in homes characterized by high measured time-weighted average magnetic-field levels or by the highest wire-code category increases the risk of ALL in children. @
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚©‚çAZŠÂ‹«‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎞ŠÔ‚Åd‚Ý•t‚¯‚ð‚µ‚½•½‹Ï’l‚ð—p‚¢‚½Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚ƃƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Å‚Ì”»’è‚Å‚ÍAŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì‹}«”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

ƒRƒƒ“ƒgF@
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ƒf[ƒ^‚̈ꕔ‚ðˆø—pF@ ŽÀ‘ª‚µ‚½Ž¥ŠE‹­“x‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN

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38

42

0.92(0.57-1.48)

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22

17

1.39(0.72-2.72)

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14

5

3.28(1.15-9.39)

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9

6

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116

114

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87

87

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24

26

0.88(0.48-1.63)

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‚R‚TDStevens‚ç‚Ì1996”Nƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‰¼à‚̘_•¶

‹LF2019-12-20

EMF-Portal
‚É‚ ‚Á‚½î•ñ‚Å‚·B

ŒfÚŽ: Environ Health Perspect 1996; 104: 135-140
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FThe melatonin hypothesis: electric power and breast cancer.
ƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‰¼àF“d—Í‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñ
’˜ŽÒ: Stevens RG, Davis S

ŠT—vF
“û‚ª‚ñ‚ÍAŒ»‘ãŽÐ‰ï‚ÌŽ¾•a‚Å‚ ‚éBŽÐ‰ï‚ªH‹Æ‰»‚·‚é‚Æ‹¤‚ÉAƒŠƒXƒN‚ª‘‘債A‚µ‚©‚àH‹Æ‰»‚É”º‚¤‘½Ží‘½—l‚ȕω»‚̂ǂꂪ‚±‚ÌŽ¾•a‚ð‘£i‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚Í•s–¾‚Å‚ ‚éB
Œ»‘ãŽÐ‰ï‚Ì1‚‚Ìd—v‚È“Á’¥‚É“d—Í‚ÌL”Í‚ÈŽg—p‚Å‚ ‚éB
“d—Í‚Í–éŠÔÆ–¾iLANj‚â“d‹C‚⎥ŠEiEMFj‚ðŽY‚Ý‚¾‚µA‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‚Ç‚ê‚©‚Ü‚½‚Í‚Ç‚ê‚àA¼‰Ê‘Ì‹@”\‚¨‚æ‚Ñ‚»‚ÌŽå—vƒzƒ‹ƒ‚ƒ“‚Å‚ ‚郃‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ð•Ï‰»‚³‚¹‚é‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚èA‚»‚ꂪ‚¨‚»‚ç‚­“û‚ª‚ñƒŠƒXƒN‚ð‘‘傳‚¹‚Ä‚¢‚éB

10
”N‘O‚É’ñŽ¦‚³‚ꂽ‚±‚̉¼à‚ÍAŒ»Ý‘½‚­‚ÌŽÀŒ±“I‚¨‚æ‚щuŠw“I‚È’–Ú‚ðW‚ß‚Ä‚¢‚éB
‚±‚̉¼à‚É•t‚·‚é󋵂ɂÍAŒõ‚ªƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚É‹y‚Ô‚·‰e‹¿AEMF‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ւ̉e‹¿Aƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ª“û‚ª‚ñ‚É‹y‚Ú‚·‰e‹¿‚Ì3‚‚̑¤–Ê‚ª‚ ‚éB

Å‘å‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚ÍŒõ‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ւ̉e‹¿‚Å‚ ‚éB
ƒqƒg‚Ì‘Ì“à‚Å–éŠÔ‚É㸂·‚é³í‚ȃƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚Í\•ª‚È‹­“x‚ÌŒõ‚Å—}§‚³‚ê‚éB
ŽÀŒ±“®•¨‚ł̓ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ª“û‚ª‚ñ‚É‹y‚Ú‚·‰e‹¿‚ÌØ‹’‚Í‹­‚¢‚ªAƒqƒg‚Å‚ÌØ‹’‚͂킸‚©‚Å‚ ‚èAŽûW‚ª“‚¢B

ˆê”ÔŽã‚¢•t󋵂ÍAEMF‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ւ̉e‹¿‚Å‚ ‚éB
6
‚‚̌¤‹†Š‚ª“®•¨‚Å‚Ì—}§‚Ì’mŒ©‚ð”­•\‚µ‚Ä‚«‚½‚ªAˆê’v‚µ‚Ä‚¨‚炸Aƒqƒg‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éƒf[ƒ^‚Í”­•\‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢B

‰¼à‚É’¼Ú‰e‹¿‚·‚éØ‹’‚͊󂾂ªŠÖS‚ðˆø‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚éB
2
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‰uŠw“I‚ÈØ‹’‚Í”ñí‚ÉŒÀ‚ç‚ê‚邪A‚¢‚­‚‚©‚Ì— •t‚¯‚à“¾‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB
“d—Í‚ª“û‚ª‚ñ‚É‹y‚Ú‚·‰e‹¿‚É‚Í[‚¢ˆÓ–¡‚ª‚ ‚é‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚èA‚±‚̉”\«‚ðŒp‘±Œ¤‹†‚·‚é’l‚ª‚ ‚éB


•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚R‚T‚`DΓ°‚ç2001”N×–E‚ł̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“Œ¤‹†

‹LF‚Q‚O‚P‚X|‚P‚Q|‚Q‚O

ŒfÚŽFCarcinogenesis, Vol. 22, No. 7, 1043-1048, July 2001
˜_•¶–¼FMagnetic fields (MF) of 50 Hz at 1.2 µT as well as 100 µT cause uncoupling of inhibitory pathways of adenylyl cyclase mediated by melatonin 1a receptor in MF-sensitive MCF-7 cells
Œ¤‹†ŽÒGMasami Ishido, Hiroshi Nitta and Michinori Kabuto

ŠT—vF
Magnetic fields (MF) of 60 Hz at 1.2µT were previously shown to inhibit the antiproliferative
jeffect of melatonin on MCF-7 cells (Liburdy,R.P., 1993, J. Pimeal Res. 14, 8997).

60Hz1.2ƒÊT‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ÍMCF-7×–E‚ðŽg‚Á‚½ŽÀŒ±‚ÅAƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚Ì‘B—}§‹@”\‚ð—}§‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ª’m‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éiLiburdy‚Ì1993”N‚ÌŒ¤‹†jB

In addition, three laboratories (Blackman, C.F. and Benane, S.G., et al:) independently reported results consistent with this finding.
‰Á‚¦‚ÄA3‚‚̎ŽŒ±Š‚Å“Æ—§‚µ‚Äs‚í‚ꂽŽŽŒ±‚Å‚à“¯‚¶Œ‹‰Ê‚ª“¾‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB

In this study, we investigated the molecular basis of the biological effects of MF using MCF-7 cells.
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍMCF-7×–E‚̶‘ÌŒø‰Ê‚Ì•ªŽq“I‚ÈŒŸ“¢‚ðs‚Á‚½B

Only 1a melatonin receptors were identified by the [125I] melatonin binding assay and RT
PCR analysis.
1a
ƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“ƒŒƒZƒvƒ^‚Ì‚Ý‚ðAƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“Œ‹‡•ªÍ‚ÆRT-PCR•ªÍ‚ÅA”²‚«o‚µ‚½B

Moreover, preceding exposures to MF of 100µT for 3, 5 and 7 days blocked the melatonin-induced inhibition of cAMP accumulation in a time-dependent manner, while none of the melatonin receptor functions or GTPase and adenylyl cyclase activities were affected.
‚³‚ç‚ÉA100ƒÊ‚s‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Éæ—§‚Á‚ÄA3A5A7“úAŠÔŽžŠÔˆË‘¶–@‚ÅAƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä—U“±‚³‚ê‚écAMP‚Ì’~Ï‚Ì—}§‚ð‚Æ‚ß‚½B

Estrogen-evoked cell proliferation was not altered by MF either.
ƒGƒXƒgƒƒQƒ“‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ĉø‚«‹N‚±‚³‚ê‚é×–E‘B‚ÍŽ¥ŠE‚É‚æ‚Á‚ĉe‹¿‚ðŽó‚¯‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Exposure to 1.2µT MF exerted the same effects on the melatonin-signaling pathway as that to 100µT.
1.2
ƒÊ‚s‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ÍA100ƒÊ‚s‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Æ“¯—l‚ÉAƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ÌM†‚Ì”½‰ž‚É“¯‚¶‰e‹¿‚ð—^‚¦‚½B

Thus, this is the first study to provide evidence that MF may cause uncoupling of signal transduction from melatonin receptors to adenylyl cyclase.
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE‚ªƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“ƒŒƒZƒvƒ^‚©‚çadenylyl cyclase‚Ö‚ÌM†“`’B‹@”\‚ð‰ð‚«•ú‚‚±‚Æ‚É‚È‚é‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ðŽ¦‚·Ø‹’‚ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚·‚éʼn‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ ‚éB


•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚R‚TBDGraham‚ç‚Ì2001”Nƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‰¼à‚ÌŒ¤‹†@

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬G@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚R|‚Q‚O@

ŒfÚŽFEnvironmental Health Perspectives Volume 109, Number 5, May 2001
@
˜_•¶–¼FExamination of the Melatonin Hypothesis in Women Exposed at Night to EMF or Bright Light @
@@@@@–éŠÔ‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠEE–¾‚é‚¢Œõ‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚É‚æ‚é—«‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‰¼à‚ÌŒŸØA
Œ¤‹†ŽÒGCharles Graham, Mary R. Cook, Mary M. Gerkovich, and Antonio Sastre

@@@@@Midwest Research Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA

 

Abstract@ŠT—v
It has been hypothesized that the increased incidence of breast cancer in industrial societies is related to greater exposure to power-frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF) and/or the presence of high levels of light at night (LAN).
æiH‹ÆŽÐ‰ï‚É‚¨‚¯‚é“û‚ª‚ñ‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍA“d—ÍŽü”g”‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚à‚µ‚­‚Í–éŠÔ‚É–¾‚é‚¢Œõ‚ð—‚Ñ‚Ä‚¢‚邽‚ß‚Å‚ ‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰¼à‚ª‚ ‚éB

EMF and LAN are said to reduce circulating levels of the hormone melatonin which, in turn, allows estrogen levels to rise and stimulate the turnover of breast epithelial stem cells and increase the risk for malignant transformation.
“dŽ¥ŠEE–éŠÔ‚ÌŒõ‚̓ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ðŒ¸­‚³‚¹A‚»‚µ‚ÄAˆ««‚Ì‘gD•Ï«‚ð‘‰Á‚³‚¹‚é‚Æ‚¢‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB

Three laboratory-based studies, in which a total of 53 healthy young women were exposed at night to EMF or to LAN under controlled exposure conditions, were performed to determine whether such exposures reduce melatonin and are associated with further alterations in estrogen.
@
‡Œv53–¼‚ÌŒ’N‚ÈŽá‚¢—«‚ð‘ÎÛ‚ÉA–éŠÔ‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÆŒõ‚Ì–\˜I‚É‚æ‚Á‚ÄAƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ªŒ¸­‚µAƒGƒXƒgƒƒQƒ“‚ɉe‹¿‚ª‚ ‚é‚©’²¸‚µ‚½B

All-night exposure to industrial-strength magnetic fields (60 Hz, 28.3 µT) had no effect on the blood levels of melatonin or estradiol.
@
–éŠÔ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜Ii‚U‚O‚g‚š@28.3ƒÊ‚sj‚Í@ŒŒ’†‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“AƒGƒXƒgƒ‰ƒfƒBƒI[ƒ‹‚̗ʂɕω»‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

In contrast, nocturnal melatonin levels were profoundly suppressed, and the time of peak concentration was significantly delayed in women exposed to LAN, regardless of whether they were in the follicular or luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
‘ÎÛ“I‚ÉA–¾‚é‚¢Œõ‚ð—‚Ñ‚½ê‡‚Í–éŠÔ‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚Ì—Ê‚Í—}§‚³‚êAƒs[ƒN‚ƂȂ鎞ŠÔ‚à‘å‚«‚­’x‚ꂽB@@

These changes, however, were not associated with alterations in point-for-point matching measures of estradiol.
@

Women who chronically secrete high or low amounts of melatonin each night (area-under-curve range: 86-1,296 pg/mL) also did not differ in their blood levels of estradiol.
@
–«“I‚Ƀƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“•ª”å‚Ì—Ê‚ª‘½‚¢l‚Æ­‚È‚¢l‚ÅŒŸ“¢‚µ‚½‚ªAŒŒ’†‚̃GƒXƒgƒ‰ƒfƒBƒI[ƒ‹‚Ì—Ê‚É‚Í·ˆÙ‚ª‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

Taken together, these results are consistent with a growing body of evidence which generally suggests that environmental EMF exposure has little or no effect on the parameters measured in this report.
@
‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‚±‚Æ‚©‚çAŠÂ‹«’†‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÍA‰e‹¿‚ª‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¦‚éB@

Environ Health Perspect 109:501-507 (2001). [Online 9 May 2001]@

’F‘S•¶‚ð“Ç‚Ü‚¸‚É‚±‚ÌŠT—v‚¾‚¯‚Å‚ÍA‚¤‚Ü‚­‰¼–󂪂ł«‚È‚¢B
@‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ł̓ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‰¼à‚͔ے肳‚ꂽ‚±‚Æ‚É‚È‚éB

 

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‚R‚T‚bDBakos‚ç‚Ì2002”Nƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‰¼à‚ÌŒ¤‹†

‹LF‚Q‚O‚P‚X|‚P‚Q|‚Q‚O

EMF Portal
‚É‚ ‚Á‚½“à—e

ŒfÚŽ: Bioelectromagnetic 2002; 23 (3): 245-248
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FOne week of exposure to 50Hz, vertical magnetic field does not reduce urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin excretion of male Wister rats.
50Hz
‚Ì‚’¼Ž¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì1TŠÔ‚Ì”˜˜I‚Í—Y‚ÌWistarƒ‰ƒbƒg‚Ì”A’†‚Ì6-ƒXƒ‹ƒtƒ@ƒgƒLƒVƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“•ª”å‚ð’ጸ‚³‚¹‚È‚¢.
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Bakos J, Nagy N, Thuroczy G, Szabo LD

‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÍAƒ‰ƒbƒg‚Ì–éŠÔ”A’†‚Ì6-ƒXƒ‹ƒtƒ@ƒgƒLƒVƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“i6SMj‚Ì”ro‚ɑ΂·‚é100‚Ü‚½‚Í50ƒÊT‚Ì50Hz‚Ì‚’¼Ž¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚̉e‹¿‚𒲂ׂ½B
12
•C‚̃IƒX‚̃EƒBƒXƒ^[ƒ‰ƒbƒg‚ÍA12:12ŽžŠÔ‚Ì–¾ˆÃðŒ‰º‚É’u‚©‚êA–éŠÔ”A‚ÍA4TŠÔ˜A‘±‚µ‚Ä‘ãŽÓƒP[ƒW“à‚Å̎悳‚ꂽB
ƒ‰ƒbƒg”A’†‚Ì6SM‚Ì”Z“x‚ð125 Iƒ‰ƒWƒIƒCƒ€ƒmƒAƒbƒZƒC‚É‚æ‚葪’肵AƒNƒŒƒAƒ`ƒjƒ“”Z“x‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä•W€‰»‚µ‚½B

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‚»‚ÌŒ‹‰ÊA”A’†‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚̈ꎟ‘ãŽÓŽY•¨6SM‚Ì”ro‚ÍAŽ¥ê”˜˜I’†‚¨‚æ‚Ñ‚»‚ÌŒã‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄA—LˆÓ‚ȕω»‚ðŽ¦‚³‚È‚©‚Á‚½A‚Æ•ñ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

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E–{Œ¤‹†‚Å‚Í12•C‚Ì“®•¨‚ð6•C‚¸‚Â2ŒQ‚É•ª‚¯A‚»‚ꂼ‚ê50Hz ³Œ·”g‚ÌŽ¥ŠEAŽ¥‘©–§“xF100µT‹y‚Ñ50µT‚É”˜˜I‚µ‚½B
E–¾ˆÃŽüŠúi12ŽžŠÔF12ŽžŠÔAPM6:00-AM6:00Á“”j‚Ö‚Ì2TŠÔ‚̓鉻ŒãA4T‚ɂ킽‚Á‚ĈÎüŠú‚ÌI‚í‚è‚É–éŠÔ‚Ì”A‚ð̎悵‚½B
E“®•¨‚Í2T–Ú‚ÉAM8:00-PM4:00‚ÉŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚µ‚½B

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E”A’†‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚ÌŽå‚È‘ãŽÓŽY•¨‚Å‚ ‚éA6-ƒXƒ‹ƒtƒ@ƒgƒLƒVƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‚Ì•ª”å‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE”˜˜IŒã‚É“Œv“I‚É—LˆÓ‚ɕω»‚µ‚È‚©‚Á‚½B


 

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‚R‚T‚cDDavis‚ç‚Ì2006”Nƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‰¼à‚ÌŒ¤‹†

‹LF2019-12-20

EMF
ƒ|[ƒ^ƒ‹‚̃TƒCƒg‚É‚ ‚Á‚½î•ñ‚Å‚·B

ŒfÚŽ: Ann Epidemiol 2006; 16 (8): 622-631
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FEffects of 60-Hz magnetic field exposure on nocturnal 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, estrogens, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone in healthy reproductive-age women: results of a crossover trial.
Œ’N‚ȶB‰Â”\”N—î‚Ì—«‚É‚¨‚¯‚é–éŠÔ‚Ì6-ƒXƒ‹ƒtƒ@ƒgƒLƒVƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“AƒGƒXƒgƒƒQƒ“A‰©‘ÌŒ`¬ƒzƒ‹ƒ‚ƒ“A‹y‚Ñ—‘–EŽhŒƒƒzƒ‹ƒ‚ƒ“‚ɑ΂·‚é60HzŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚̉e‹¿FƒNƒƒXƒI[ƒo[ŽŽŒ±‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFDavis S, Mirick DK, Chen C, Stanczyk FZ

Œ¤‹†–Ú“IG
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E”˜˜IðŒF60Hz ³Œ·”gŒð—¬Ž¥ŠEA”˜˜I—ÊFÅ’á0.5ƒÊT@Å‘å1ƒÊT

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‚R‚T‚dDSeifpanahi-Shaban‚ç‚Ì2016”Nƒƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‰¼à‚ÌŒ¤‹†

‹LF‚Q‚O‚P‚X|‚P‚Q|‚Q‚O

EMF Portal
‚É‚ ‚Á‚½“à—e

ŒfÚŽ: Int J Occup Environ Med 2016; 7 (3): 193-194
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FLong-term Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field and Melatonin Production by Blood Cells.
’´’áŽü”g“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì’·Šú”˜˜I‚ÆŒŒ‰t×–E‚ł̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“¶¬
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Seifpanahi-Shabani H, Abbasi M, Salehi I, Yousefpour Z, Zamani A

‚±‚Ì•ñ‚ÍA40•C‚̃EƒBƒXƒ^[—Yƒ‰ƒbƒg‚𔘘IŒQA‘ÎÆŒQiŠen=20j‚É•ª‚¯A”˜˜IŒQ‚É‚Í’´’áŽü”g“dŽ¥ŠEiELF-EMFF50HzA100µTj‚ð1“ú2ŽžŠÔi10:00-12:00 amjA3ƒ–ŒŽŠÔ”˜˜I˜I‚µA”˜˜II—¹Œã‚ÌŒŒ´‚¨‚æ‚Ñ‘SŒŒ”|—{ã´’†‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚𒲂ׂ½B

‚»‚ÌŒ‹‰ÊAŒŒ´‚¨‚æ‚Ñ‘SŒŒ”|—{㴂ł̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚É”˜˜I‚É‚æ‚é•Ï‰»‚Í–³‚©‚Á‚½B
‚µ‚©‚µA‘SŒŒ‚ðRPMI”|’n‚Å”|—{‚µ‚½ê‡AŒŒ´‚É”ä‚×”|—{ã´’†‚̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚ªA”˜˜IŒQ‚¨‚æ‚Ñ‘ÎÆŒQ‚Ì—¼•û‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä–ñ2.5”{‚‚©‚Á‚½‚Æ•ñ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB
’˜ŽÒ‚ÍARPMI’†‚̃tƒBƒgƒwƒ}ƒOƒ‹ƒ`ƒjƒ“iPHAjŽhŒƒ‚É‚æ‚茌‰t×–E‚Ńƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“‡¬‚ª¶‚¶‚½‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚é‚Æ‹c˜_‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

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‚R‚UDE‹Æ“I‚È“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÆŽ©ŽE@

@@@@ì¬G‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚R|‚Q‚Q@@

ŒfÚŽFJournal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine@Volume 45 o Number 1 o January 2003@
˜_•¶–¼FAn Exploratory Investigation of Suicide and Occupational Exposure@@
    
@@E‹Æ“I‚È–\˜I‚ÆŽ©ŽE‚ÌŠÖŒW@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFEdwin van Wijngaarden, PhD@

ŠT—v@
This exploratory study evaluated the association between suicide and occupational exposure electromagnetic fields, pesticides, and hydrocarbon solvents.
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍŽ©ŽE‚ÆE‹Æ“I‚È“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜IAŽE’ŽÜA’Y‰»…‘f‚Ì—nÜ‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚𒲂ׂ½B

The study population comprised 11,707 suicide deaths and 132,771 eligible controls identified from United States death certificate files for the years 1991 and 1992.
1991-92”N‚̃AƒƒŠƒJ‚ÌŽ€–Sf’f‘‚ð—˜—p‚µA11707Œ‚ÌŽ©ŽEiÇ—áj‚Æ132771Œ‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ðŒ¤‹†‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½B@

Exposure assignment was based on job title reported on the death certificates.@
–\˜I‚ÍŽ€–Sf’f‘‚É‹LÚ‚³‚ꂽE‹Æ‚ð—p‚¢‚½BE‹Æ“I‚É“dŽ¥ŠE‚É–\˜I‚·‚é‚Æ‘z’肳‚ê‚éE‹Æ‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚½l‚ðÇ—á‚Æ‚µ‚½B

Exposure to electromagnetic fields and pesticides was weakly associated with suicide risk, while little evidence for an increased risk was seen for hydrocarbon solvents.
E‹Æ“I‚É“dŽ¥ŠE‚É–\˜I‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éꇂƎE’ŽÜ‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éE‹Æ‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚½l‚ÍAŽ©ŽE‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ª­‚µã¸‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB‚µ‚©‚µA’Y‰»…‘f‚Ì—nÜ‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éE‹Æ‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚½l‚ÌŽ©ŽE‚̃ŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

The association for electromagnetic field exposure was highest for suicide between the ages 20 and 35 (odds ratio; OR = 1.5), while the highest risk of suicide for pesticide exposure was seen between the ages of 35 and 49 years (OR = 1.5).@
“dŽ¥ŠE‚É‚æ‚鎩ŽE‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Í20-35΂Ìl‚Å‚‚­AƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.5(CI:1.2-1.9)A35-49΂Ìl‚Å‚ÍŽE’ŽÜ‚ªƒŠƒXƒN‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚‚­AƒIƒbƒY”ä1.50(CI:1.3-1.8)‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

Further investigation to replicate these findings seems warranted, using higher quality occupational data.@
‚æ‚踖§‚ÈE‹Æ–\˜I󋵂ð”cˆ¬‚µ‚½Œ¤‹†‚ÌŒp‘±‚ª•K—v‚Å‚ ‚éB@

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Ž€–Sf’f‘‚É‹LÚ‚³‚ꂽE‹Æ‚¾‚¯‚ÅA“dŽ¥ŠE‚â—nÜAŽE’ŽÜ‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚ð„’肵‚Ä‚¨‚èAÚׂÈE‹Æ“I‚È–\˜I•]‰¿‚ª•K—v‚ÅA‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚¾‚¯‚Å‚ÍŒ‹˜_‚Ío‚¹‚È‚¢B@
Œ´’˜‚ðŒ©‚ê‚ÎAƒAƒƒŠƒJ‚ð’nˆæ“I‚É•ª‚¯‚½‚¾‚¯‚ÅA“ì•”‚ɑ΂µ‚ļ•”‚ÉZ‚Þ‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚¾‚¯‚ÅŽ©ŽE‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚̓IƒbƒY”ä1.4(CI:1.2-1.3)‚Æ‘‰Á‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB@

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‚R‚VDƒIƒ‰ƒ“ƒ_‚Ì‘—“dü‚ƃKƒ“‚̉uŠwŒ¤‹†@1993”N@


ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚R|‚Q‚R@

ŒfÚŽFInternational Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 22, 9-15, 1993
˜_•¶–¼FCancer mortality and residence near electricity transmission equipment: a retrospective cohort study
‚ˆ³‘—“dü‹ß–T‚ÉZ‚Þ‚±‚Æ‚ÆŠàŽ€–S—¦‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ÌŒã‚ëŒü‚«‚̃Rƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFGH Schreiber, GM Swaen, JM Meijers, JJ Slangen and F Sturmans
Department of Epidemiology, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

ŠT—vF@
Several studies in recent years have raised the possibility that exposure to extreme low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields may be hazardous to human health, in particular by the promotion or initiation of leukemia and other cancers.
Å‹ß‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚É‚æ‚ê‚ÎA’áŽü”g“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚ª”’ŒŒ•a‚â‚»‚Ì‘¼‚̃Kƒ“‚̃CƒjƒVƒG[ƒ^‚âƒvƒƒ‚[ƒ^‚Æ‚µ‚Ä“­‚«Al‚ÌŒ’N‚ÉŠQ‚ª‚ ‚é‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ªŒ¾‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB

To determine if this exposure creates a long-term hazard to the public, the mortality of a group of people identified as having lived in an urban quarter of Maastricht in which two 150 kilo-Volt (kV) power lines and one transformer substation are located was investigated.
ŒöO‚ÌŒ’N‚Ö‚Ì’·Šú“I‚ÈáŠQ‚ª‚ ‚é‚©‚𒲂ׂ邽‚ß‚ÉAƒIƒ‰ƒ“ƒ_‚̃}[ƒXƒgƒŠƒbƒqxŠO‚ÅA“ñ‚‚̂P‚T‚O‚‹‚u‘—“dü‚Æ•Ï“dŠ‚Ì‚ ‚é’nˆæ‚ÉZ‚Þl‚ÌŽ€–S—¦‚𒲸‚µ‚½B

Using the Dutch population registry it was possible to identify retrospectively 3549 inhabitants of the quarter who lived there for at least 5 years between 1956 and 1981.
Z–¯“o˜^‚©‚çA1956-1981”N‚ÌŠÔ‚É­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à5”NŠÔZ‚ñ‚¾lA3549–¼‚ð‘I‘ð‚µ‚½B

Of these 1552 study subjects lived within 100 m of the electricity transmission equipment and were exposed to magnetic field intensity of 1.0-11.0 milli-Gauss.
1552
–¼‚ÍA‘—“dÝ”õ‚©‚ç‚P‚O‚O‚ˆÈ“à‚ÉZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚ÄA‚P|‚P‚Oƒ~ƒŠƒKƒEƒX‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ð—‚Ñ‚Ä‚¢‚½B

The overall standardized mortality ratio and cancer mortality ratios were either not or only slightly elevated.
Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚é‘S‘Ì‚Ì•W€‰»Ž€–S—¦”ä‚ƃKƒ“Ž€–S—¦”ä‚̉e‹¿‚ÍA‚Æ‚à‚ɉe‹¿‚µ‚È‚¢A‚©A‚à‚µ‚­‚͎኱‚Ì‘‰Á‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

The study does not support previously reported associations of exposure to ELF electromagnetic fields with leukemia, brain cancer and breast cancer.

‚±‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚ÍA‚±‚ê‚Ü‚Å‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÅŒ¾‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éu’áŽü”g“dŽ¥ŠE‚ª”’ŒŒ•aA”]Žîᇂâ“û‚ª‚ñ‚ð‘”­‚³‚¹‚év‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ðŽxŽ‚µ‚È‚¢B

 

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‚R‚WDFinland‘ål‚̃Kƒ“’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚ÌŠÖŒW1996”N@

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ŒfÚŽFBMJ
1996;313:1047-1051 (26 October)
˜_•¶–¼FMagnetic fields of high voltage power lines and risk of cancer in Finnish adults: nationwide cohort study
ƒtƒBƒ“ƒ‰ƒ“ƒh‘S“y‚É‚¨‚¯‚邈³‘—“dü‚©‚ç‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Æ‘ål‚̃Kƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éƒRƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFPia K Verkasalo, researcher, Eero Pukkala, researcher Jaakko Kaprio, senior research fellow, Kauko V Heikkila, systems analyst, Markku Koskenvuo, professor


Abstract
@
Objective: To investigate the risk of cancer in association with magnetic fields in Finnish adults living close to high voltage power lines.
–Ú“IGƒtƒBƒ“ƒ‰ƒ“ƒh‚Ì‚ˆ³‘—“dü‚Ì‹ß–T‚ÌZ‚Þ‘ål‚ªAŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚éƒKƒ“ƒŠƒXƒN‚𒲸‚·‚éB

Design: Nationwide cohort study.
@•ûŽ®F‘S‘‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½ƒRƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†

Subjects: 383 700 people who lived during 1970-89 within 500 meters of overhead power lines of 110-400 kV in a magnetic field calculated to be >/=0.01 µT. Study subjects were identified by record linkages of nationwide registers.
Œ¤‹†‘ÎÛF110-400‚‹‚u‚ˆ³‘—“dü‚Ì‚T‚O‚O‚ˆÈ“à‚ÉA1970|1989”N‚ÉZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚ÄA„’莥ŠE–\˜I—Ê‚ª0.01ƒÊ‚sˆÈã‚Å‚ ‚é387700–¼‚ÅAZ–¯“o˜^‚©‚甲‚«o‚µ‚½B

Main outcome measures: Numbers of observed and expected cases of cancer, standardized incidence ratios, and incidence rate ratios adjusted for sex, age, calendar year, and social class--for example, by continuous cumulative exposure per 1 µT year--with 95% confidence intervals from multiplicative models for all cancers combined and 21 selected types.
Žå‚ÈŽw•WF•W€‰»œëŠ³—¦A«E”N—î‚È‚Ç‚Å’²®‚µ‚½œëŠ³—¦”äA—ÝÏ–\˜I‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚È‚Ç‚ÅA21Ží‚̃Kƒ“‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚ĉðÍ‚ðs‚Á‚½B

Results: Altogether 8415 cases of cancer were observed (standardized incidence ratio 0.98; 95% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.00) in adults. All incidence rate ratios for both sexes combined were non-significant and between 0.91 and 1.11.
8415
Œ‚Ì‘S‚ª‚ñ‚ª‚ ‚èAˆê”ʂ̜늳—¦‚É”äŠr‚µ‚½‘—“dü‹ß–T‚ÉZ‚Þl‚Ì•W€‰»œëŠ³—¦‚Í0.98‚Å‚ ‚éB‚»‚ꂼ‚ê‚̃Kƒ“‚Å‚Ý‚½‚Æ‚«‚̜늳—¦”ä‚ÍA’j—‚ð‡ŽZ‚µ‚½ê‡‚ÍA0.91‚©‚ç1.11‚Å‚ ‚èA—LˆÓ‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢B

Significant excesses were observed in multiple myeloma in men (incidence rate ratio 1.22) and in colon cancer in women (1.16).
—LˆÓ‚ȃŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚ÍA’j«‚É‚¨‚¯‚霑זEŽî‚ÅAœëŠ³—¦”ä1.22A—«‚É‚¨‚¯‚éŠÌ‘Ÿ‚ªƒ“iœëŠ³—¦”ä1.16j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

Conclusions: Typical residential magnetic fields generated by high voltage power lines do not seem to be related to the risk of overall cancer in adults. The previously suggested associations between extremely low frequency magnetic fields and tumors of the nervous system, lymphoma, and leukemia in adults and breast cancer in women were not confirmed.
Œ‹˜_G‚ˆ³‘—“dü‚Ì‹ß–T‚ÉZ‚ÝŽ¥ŠE‚É–\˜I‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‘ål‚ÌZ–¯‚ÉAƒŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍA‘S”Ê“I‚ÉŒ©‚ê‚ÎA‚È‚¢B’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚É‚æ‚é”]Žîá‡AƒŠƒ“ƒpŽîA”’ŒŒ•aA—«‚Ì“û‚ª‚ñ‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ª‘‰Á‚·‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰ß‹Ž‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ðA–{Œ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍŠm”F‚Å‚«‚È‚©‚Á‚½B


Œ´’˜‚É‚ ‚éƒf[ƒ^‚̈ꕔ
‚PD—ÝÏ–\˜I—Ê‚Ì•p“x@
Cumulative exposure (µT years)
@@@•p“x@lE”NiŠ„‡“j@
 0.20
ˆÈ‰º                      @    2 040 700 @(80.2)
 0.20-0.39                            222 800
@@(8.8)@
 0.40-0.99                            170 200    (6.7)
 1.00-1.99                             61 700    (2.4)
 2.00
ˆÈã                         @   47 800@  (1.9)

‚QDƒKƒ“‚̃ŠƒXƒN@@Še—“‚ÉAÇ—á”A•W€‰»œëŠ³—¦”ä@M—Š«‹æŠÔ‚ðŽ¦‚·

Ž¥ŠE–\˜I

ƒÊTE”N

‘S‚ª‚ñ

”]Žîá‡

”’ŒŒ•a

 

‘SÇ—á”n=8415

‘SÇ—á”n = 301

‘SÇ—á”n = 203

0.20ˆÈ‰º

6393;0.98(0.96-1.01)

238;0.94(0.82-1.06)

156;0.96(0.82-1.13)

0.20|0.39

877;0.98(0.91-1.04)

35;1.10(0.77-1.53)

23;1.06(0.68-1.60)

0.40|0.99

695;0.97(0.90-1.04)

16;0.64(0.37-1.04)

15;0.87(0.49-1.43)

1.00|1.99

230;0.89(0.78-1.01)

5;0.55(0.18-1.28)

5;0.81(0.26-1.88)

2.00ˆÈã

220;0.92(0.81-1.05)

7;0.92(0.37-1.89)

4;0.71(0.19-1.81)

 

•MŽÒ‚Ì’F
—ÝÏŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ʼnðÍ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚ÅA•½‹ÏŽ¥ŠE–\˜I—Ê‚ª•s–¾‚Å‚ ‚éB
’²¸‘ÎÛŠúŠÔ‚ª’·‚¢‚Ì‚ÅA“¯ˆêꊂÉÅ’á‚T”NZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚é‚Æ‚·‚ê‚ÎAÅãˆÊ‚Ì‚–\˜IŒQ‚Å‚ ‚é2ƒÊTE”N‚ÌꇂÍA0.‚SƒÊT‚ª•½‹ÏŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Å‚ ‚é‚Ɖ¼’è‚·‚ê‚ÎB‘¼‚̉uŠw’²¸‚Æ—ªˆê’v‚·‚éƒJƒbƒgƒ|ƒCƒ“ƒg‚Æ‚È‚éB


•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚R‚XDAhlbom‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ƬŽ™‚ªƒ“‚̃v[ƒ‹•ªÍ


u0.4ƒÊ‚sˆÈã‚Ì’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚ŬŽ™‚ªƒ“‚̃ŠƒXƒN2”{v‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œ³‚É‚È‚Á‚½˜_•¶‚Å‚·B

ŠT—v‚ɉ¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚S|‚S@

ŒfÚŽFBritish Journal of Cancer. September 2000, Volume 83, Number 5, Pages 692-698
˜_•¶–¼GA pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukemia
@@@@Ž¥ŠE‚ƬŽ™‚ªƒ“‚̃v[ƒ‹•ªÍ@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFA Ahlbom, N Day, M Feychting, E Roman, J Skinner, J Dockerty, M Linet, M McBride, J Michaelis, J H Olsen, T Tynes and P K Verkasalo

Abstract
FŠT—v
Previous studies have suggested an association between exposure to 50
60 Hz magnetic fields (EMF) and childhood leukemia.
‰ß‹Ž‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍA‚T‚OE‚U‚O‚g‚šŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŠÖŒW‚Í’ñ‹N‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚½B

We conducted a pooled analysis based on individual records from nine studies, including the most recent ones.
–{Œ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍAÅ‹ß‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ðŠÜ‚ñ‚Å9Œ‚ÌŒÂX‚És‚í‚ê‚Ä‚«‚½Œ¤‹†‚ðAˆêŠ‡‚µ‚ăv[ƒ‹‰ðÍ‚ðs‚Á‚½B

Studies with 24/48-hour magnetic field measurements or calculated magnetic fields were included.
24
E‚S8ŽžŠÔŽ¥ŠE‘ª’è‚ðs‚Á‚½Œ¤‹†AŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ðŒvŽZ‚Å„’肵‚½Œ¤‹†‚È‚Ç‚ðŠÜ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚éB
We specified which data analyses we planned to do and how to do them before we commenced the work.
Œ¤‹†‚Ì’…Žè‚Éæ—§‚Á‚ÄA‚ǂ̃f[ƒ^‚ðA‚ǂ̂悤‚ɉðÍ‚·‚é‚©‚ðŒŸ“¢‚µ‚½B

The use of individual records allowed us to use the same exposure definitions, and the large numbers of subjects enabled more precise estimation of risks at high exposure levels.
Ž¥ŠE–\˜I•]‰¿‚ª“¯‚¶ó‘Ô‚Å‚ ‚éŒÂX‚És‚í‚ꂽŒ¤‹†ƒf[ƒ^‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚ÄA‘½‚­‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ‚µ‚ćŽZ‚·‚邱‚Æ‚©‚çA‚”˜˜IŒQ‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄA‚æ‚茵–§‚È•]‰¿‚ðs‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ª‚Å‚«‚½B

For the 3203 children with leukemia and 10 338 control children with estimated residential magnetic field exposures levels < 0.4  T, we observed risk estimates near the no effect level, while for the 44 children with leukemia and 62 control children with estimated residential magnetic field exposures  0.4  T the estimated summary relative risk was 2.00 (1.27
3.13), P value = 0.002).
3203
‚̬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ10338‚Ì‘ÎÆŒQ‚©‚çAZŠÂ‹«‰º‚Å„’è’l0.4ƒÊ‚sˆÈ‰º‚Ì–\˜I‚ł̓ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚¢B„’è’l0.4ƒÊ‚sˆÈã‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜IŒQ‚ÍA¬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌǗႪ44Œ‚ ‚èA‘ÎÆŒQ‚Í62Œ‚Å‚ ‚èA‘Š‘΃ŠƒXƒN‚Í2.00iM—Š‹æŠÔF1.27-3.13j‚Æ‚È‚Á‚½B

Adjustment for potential confounding variables did not appreciably change the results.

Œð—ˆöŽq‚̉e‹¿‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B
For North American subjects whose residences were in the highest wire code category, the estimated summary relative risk was 1.24 (0.82-1.87). Thus, we found no evidence in the combined data for the existence of the so-called wire-code paradox.
–k•Ä‚Ås‚í‚ꂽŒ¤‹†‚ð‘ÎÛ‚É,ƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚ʼnðÍ‚ðs‚Á‚½B‚à‚Á‚Æ‚à‚”˜˜I‚Æ‚³‚ê‚éŒQ‚Å‚Ì‘Š‘΃ŠƒXƒN‚Í1.24(M—Š‹æŠÔ0.82-1.87)‚Å‚ ‚è,ƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Æ‚Ì‘ŠŠÖ‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

In summary, the 99.2% of children residing in homes with exposure levels < 0.4  T had estimates compatible with no increased risk, while the 0.8% of children with exposures  0.4  T had a relative risk estimate of approximately 2, which is unlikely to be due to random variability.
‚Ü‚Æ‚ß‚é‚ÆA99.2“‚ÌŽq‹Ÿ‚ÍZŠÂ‹«‰º‚Å0.4ƒÊ‚sˆÈ‰º‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Å‚ ‚èAƒŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½Bˆê•ûA0.8“‚ÌŽq‹Ÿ‚Í0.4ƒÊ‚sˆÈã‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ðŽó‚¯AƒŠƒXƒN‚ª2‚Æ‚È‚èA‹ô‘R‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚Å‚ ‚é‚Æ‚Í‚¢‚¦‚È‚¢Œ‹‰Ê‚Æ‚È‚Á‚½B

The explanation for the elevated risk is unknown, but selection bias may have accounted for some of the increase.
@
‰½‚ª‚±‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ð‘‰Á‚³‚¹‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚©‚Í’è‚©‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢BƒŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚ªu‘I‘ðƒoƒCƒAƒXv‚̉”\«‚ª‚ ‚éB


•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚S‚OD@Ž¥ŠE‚Æ‘ål‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN@

@ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½@ì¬F‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚S|‚P‚O@

ŒfÚŽFAmerican Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 128, Issue 1 10-20,1988
˜_•¶–¼FAcute nonlymphocytic leukemia and residential exposure to power frequency magnetic fields@
ZŠÂ‹«‰º‚Ì“d—ÍŽü”g”Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ‹}«”ñƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFRK Severson, RG Stevens, WT Kaune, DB Thomas, L Heuser, S Davis and LE Sever
Japan-Hawaii Cancer Study, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu 96817.

ŠT—vF
Recent research has suggested that non-ionizing radiation in the form of power-frequency magnetic fields may play some role in carcinogenesis in general and in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in particular.
Å‹ß‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚É‚æ‚ê‚Δñ“d—£•úŽËü‚ÍA“Á‚É‘SE‹}«”ñƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚ÄA‚ ‚éŽí‚Ì”­ƒKƒ“Œ´«‚ðŽ‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB

Much of the epidemiologic evidence is preliminary in nature and the methods of previous studies have been criticized.
‚±‚ê‚Ü‚Å‚Ì‘½‚­‚̉uŠwŒ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê‚Í—\”õ“I‚È‚à‚Ì‚Å‚ ‚èA”á”»‚³‚ê‚Ä‚à‚¢‚éB

In order to further evaluate this hypothesis, a population-based case-control study of adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and residential exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields was carried out in western Washington state.
‚±‚ê‚ç‚̉¼à‚ðŒŸØ‚·‚邽‚ß‚ÉA¬l‚Ì‹}«”ñƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÆZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚é“d—ÍŽü”g”Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ðAƒƒVƒ“ƒgƒ“B¼•”‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄA’²¸‚µ‚½B

Analyses were based on 114 cases who were newly diagnosed from 1981 to 1984 and identified from a population-based cancer registry, and 133 controls who were chosen from the study area by random digit dialing.
1981
”N‚©‚ç1984”N‚É‚©‚¯‚ÄV‚½‚É‚ª‚ñ‚Æf’f‚³‚ꂽ114‚ÌÇ—á‚ð‘SlŒû‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½‚ª‚ñ“o˜^‚©‚甲‚«o‚µ‚½B‚»‚µ‚ă‰ƒ“ƒ_ƒ€ƒ_ƒCƒ„ƒ‹‚Å133‚Ì‘ÎÆŒQ‚ð‘I‘ð‚µ‚½B

Magnetic field exposure was estimated from external electrical wiring configurations within 140 ft (42.7 m) of each subject's residence.
Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÍŒ¤‹†‘ÎÛŽÒ‚ÌZ‹‚Ì‚S‚QD‚V‚ˆÈ“à‚É‚ ‚é‘—“düE”z“dü‚Ì󋵂©‚ç”»’肵‚½B

In addition, magnetic fields were measured inside the subject's residence at the time of interview.
‰Á‚¦‚ÄAŒ¤‹†‘Îێ҂Ƃ̃Cƒ“ƒ^ƒrƒ…[‚Ì‚Æ‚«‚ÉA‰Æ‚Ì’†‚ÅŽ¥ŠE‚𑪒肵‚½B

Neither the directly measured magnetic fields nor the surrogate values based on the wiring configurations were associated with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
Ž¥ŠE‚ÌŽÀ‘ª’l‚ʼnðÍ‚µ‚Ä‚àA‘—“düE”z“dü‚©‚焒肵‚½Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚ʼnðÍ‚µ‚Ä‚àA‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚S‚PDŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÆŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”]ŽîᇃŠƒXƒN@


ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½@@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚S|‚P‚P

ŒfÚŽFAmerican Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 143, Issue 2 105-119, 1996
˜_•¶–¼FLos Angeles study of residential magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors
ZŠÂ‹«‰º‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÆŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”]ŽîᇂƂ̊֌W‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚郃XƒAƒ“ƒWƒFƒ‹ƒX’n‹æ‚ÌŒ¤‹†
@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFS Preston-Martin, W Navidi, D Thomas, PJ Lee, J Bowman and J Pogoda
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033-9987, USA.

ŠT—vF
A measurement study of residential magnetic fields and brain tumors in children that was added onto an ongoing case-control interview study in Los Angeles County, California, include 298 children under age 20 years with a primary brain tumor diagnosed from 1984 to 1991 and 298 control children identified by random digit dialing.

Œ»Ýis’†‚̃ƒXƒAƒ“ƒWƒFƒ‹ƒX’n‹æ‚É‚¨‚¯‚éÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚̈êŠÂ‚Æ‚µ‚ÄAZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎥ŠE‚ÌŽÀ‘ª’l‚É‚æ‚é–\˜I•]‰¿‚ðs‚¢AŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”]Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN‚ð‰ðÍ‚µ‚½B1984-1991”N‚ÌŠÔ‚É20Έȉº‚Å”]Žîá‡i‘¼‚Ì•”ˆÊ‚Ì‚ª‚ñ‚©‚ç‚Ì“]ˆÚ‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢j‚Æf’f‚³‚ꂽ298‚ÌÇ—á‚ÆAƒ‰ƒ“ƒ_ƒ€ƒ_ƒCƒ„ƒ‹‚Å‘I‘ð‚µ‚½298‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ÆŒ¤‹†‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½B

Magnetic fields were determined for all Los Angeles homes where these 596 children lived from conception to diagnosis (1,131 homes) by mapping and coding the wiring configurations outside the home and by taking a series of exterior spot and profile measurements.

”DP‚©‚炪‚ñ‚Æf’f‚³‚ê‚é‚Ü‚Å‚É596–¼‚ÌŽq‹Ÿ‚ªZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚½ƒƒXƒAƒ“ƒWƒFƒ‹ƒX’n‹æ‚ÌZ‘îA‡Œv‚P,‚P‚R‚PŒ¬‚ð‘ÎÛ‚É,ƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Ìó‹µ”cˆ¬‚ÆA‰Æ‚ÌŽüˆÍ‚ł̃Xƒ|ƒbƒg‘ª’è‚Æ‹óŠÔ•ª•z‚Ì’²¸‚ÅAŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ð•]‰¿‚µ‚½B

In addition, for a subset of subjects (35%; 211 homes) 24-hour measurements were taken in the child's room and one other room.
‰Á‚¦‚ÄAŒ¤‹†‘ÎÛ‚Ì‚R‚T“A211–¼‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä‚ÍAŽq‹Ÿ•”‰®‚Æ‚»‚Ì‘¼‚Ì‚à‚¤‚ЂƂ‚̕”‰®‚Å‚Ì24ŽžŠÔ˜A‘±Ž¥ŠE‘ª’è‚ðs‚Á‚½B

Although measured fields are consistently highest in the highest of the five wire code categories, fields in homes in this category are much lower in Los Angeles than in Denver, where the code originated.
Ž¥ŠE‹­“x‚ÍAƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚ÅÅ‚à‚‚¢‚Æ‚³‚ê‚éƒJƒeƒSƒŠ[‚Å‚ÍAŽÀ‘ª’l‚ªÅ‚à‚‚¢”Žš‚ðŽ¦‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邪A‚±‚Ì‹­“x‚̓fƒ“ƒo[iƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Å‚Ì•]‰¿‚ð’ñ¥‚µ‚½Å‰‚ÌŒ¤‹†j‚Å‚Ì’l‚É”ä‚ׂé‚Æ’á‚©‚Á‚½B

Brain tumor risk appears not to relate to measured fields inside (p for trend for child's room = 0.98) or outside (p for trend for front wall = 0.82) the home.
”]Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÍŽÀ‘ª‚µ‚½Ž¥ŠE‚ʼnðÍ‚·‚é‚ÆA‰®“à‚Å‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚Å‚Í‚OD‚X‚WA‰®ŠO‚Å‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚Å‚Í‚OD‚X‚W‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

An apparent increase in risk among children living at diagnosis in homes with underground wiring appears to be an artifact introduced by using current controls for historical cases because this apparent excess risk disappeared in an analysis restricted to the later years of the study when cases and controls were accrued concurrently.
ƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Åu’n’†”züviŽO‰Y’FƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Å‚ÍÅ‚àŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ª’á‚¢‚Æ‚³‚ê‚éƒJƒeƒSƒŠ[j‚ÅA”]Žîᇂ̃ŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚ªŒ©‚ç‚ꂽ‚ªA‚±‚ê‚Í‘¼‚Ì—vˆö‚É‚æ‚錋‰Ê‚Å‚ ‚낤B‚È‚º‚È‚ç‚ÎA‚»‚ÌŒã‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚µ‚½Œ¤‹†‚Å‚Í‚±‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍÁ‚¦‹Ž‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚ç‚Å‚éB

Our study does not show an overall association of pediatric
i¬Ž™‚Ìjbrain tumors with measured fields, with "very high" wiring configurations, or with any of several other potential sources of exposure, such as use of various electrical appliances, but the prevalence of high fields (> 2mG) and very high fields (> 3mG) in Los Angeles homes was too low to detect a moderate effect of the magnitude reported in other studies.

¡‰ñ‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍAŽÀ‘ª‚µ‚½Ž¥ŠE‹­“x‚Æ‚àAƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚ÅuHighv‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒJƒeƒSƒŠ[‚Æ‚àA“¯‚¶‚­uVery@Highv‚Æ‚¢‚¤ƒJƒeƒSƒŠ[‚Æ‚àA‚»‚Ì‘¼‚̉”\«‚Ì‚ ‚鎥ŠE–\˜Ii—áAFX‚È“d‹C‹@Ší‚ÌŽg—pj‚È‚Ç‚ÆŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”]Žîᇂ̊֘A‚ÍŒ©o‚¹‚È‚©‚Á‚½B‘¼‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å•ñ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邪‚ñƒŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚ðŒŸo‚·‚é‚É‚ÍAƒƒXƒAƒ“ƒWƒFƒ‹ƒX’n‹æ‚Å‚Í‚Qm‚f‚ð’´‚¦‚½‚èA‚Rm‚f‚ð’´‚¦‚½‚è‚·‚éŠÂ‹«‚É‚·‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚él‚ÌŠ„‡‚ª‚©‚È‚è’á‚©‚Á‚½‚Æ‚¢‚¦‚éB

 

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‚±‚Ì€‚ð‘å•‚ÉC³E‰Á•M‚µ‚½F‚Q‚O‚O‚X|‚Q|‚S@@

16
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ˆÈ‰º‚Í‚»‚ÌŒ³‚É‚È‚Á‚½ƒlƒ^‚Å‚Å‚·B


1jŒ´“T@ŠT—v‚ð‰¼–ó‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½B

ŒfÚŽFPIDEMIOLOGY 2002@13:9-20
˜_•¶–¼FA Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study of Personal Exposure to Magnetic Fields during Pregnancy and the Risk of Miscarriage
”DP’†‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚ÌŒÂl–\˜I‚Æ—¬ŽY‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‘OŒü‚«‚̃Rƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFDe-Kun Li; Roxana Odouli; Soora Wi; Teresa Janevic; Ira Golditch; T. Dan Bracken; Russell Senior; Richard Rankin; Richard Iriye

ŠT—vF
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24
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ŒfÚŽFEPIDEMIOLOGY 2002;13:21-31
˜_•¶–¼FA Nested Case-Control Study of Residential and Personal Magnetic Field Measures and Miscarriages  
ZŠÂ‹«‚¨‚æ‚ÑŒÂl‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚Æ—¬ŽY‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFGeraldine M. Lee; Raymond R. Neutra; Lilia Hristova; Michael Yost; Robert A. Hiatt

From the Environmental Health Investigations Branch California Department of Health Services, Oakland, CA;

ŠT—vF
We conducted a nested case-control study (177 cases, 550 controls) to assess the relation between retrospective magnetic field measures and clinical miscarriage among members of the northern California Kaiser Permanente medical care system.
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We also conducted a prospective sub study of 219 participants of the same parent cohort to determine whether 12-week and 30-week exposure assessments were similar.
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We evaluated wire codes, area measures, and three personal meter metrics: (1) the average difference between consecutive levels (a rate-of-change metric), (2) the maximum level, and (3) the time-weighted average.
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For wire codes and area measures we found little association.
ƒƒCƒ„EƒR[ƒh‚Æ’nˆæ‚Ì–\˜IƒŒƒxƒ‹‚Å‚Í—¬ŽY‚ÆŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B@

For the personal metrics (30 weeks after last menstrual period), we found positive associations.
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Each exposure was divided into quartiles, with the lowest quartile as referent.
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Starting with the highest quartile, adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 3.1 (95% CI = 1.6-6.0), 2.3 (95% CI = 1.2-4.4), and 1.5 (95% CI = 0.8-3.1) for the rate-of-change metric; 2.3 (95% CI = 1.2-4.4), 1.9 (95% CI = 1.0-3.5), and 1.4 (95% CI = 0.7-2.8) for the maximum value; and 2.3 (95% CI = 1.2-4.4), 1.9 (95% CI = 1.0-3.5), and 1.4 (95% CI = 0.7-2.8)for the time-weighted average.
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”˜˜I‚Ì•Ï“®‚ÌŒƒ‚µ‚³‚Å‚Í3.1 (CIF1.6-6.0)A 2.3 (CIF1.2-4.4)A 1.5 (CIF 0.8-3.1)
Å‘å’l‚Å‚ÍA2.3 (CIF1.2-4.4)A 1.9 (CIF1.0-3.5)A 1.4 (CIF0.7-2.8)
ŽžŠÔ‚Åd‚Ý•t‚¯‚µ‚½•½‹Ï’l‚Å‚Í2.3 (CIF1.2-4.4)A 1.9 (CI:1.0-3.5)A 1.4 (CI: 0.7-2.8)‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@
—Ê\”½‰žŠÖŒW‚É‚ ‚éB@


The odds ratio conveyed by being above a 24-hour time-weighted average of 2 milligauss was 1.0 (95% CI = 0.5-2.1).
24ŽžŠÔ‚ÌŽžŠÔ‚Éd‚Ý•t‚¯‚µ‚½•½‹Ï–\˜I‚Å‚Qƒ~ƒŠƒKƒEƒX‚ð’´‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚é‚ÆAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.0iCI:0.5-2.1j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

Exposure assessment measurements at 12 weeks were
poorly correlated with those taken at 30 weeks.
12
TŠÔ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I•]‰¿‚ÆA30TŠÔ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I•]‰¿‚Å‚Í‘ŠŠÖ‚ª‚Æ‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Nonetheless, the prospective sub study results regarding miscarriage risk were consistent with the nested study results.
‚µ‚©‚µ‚È‚ª‚çA‚±‚Ì‘OŒü‚«‚̃TƒuŒ¤‹†‚Å“¾‚ç‚ꂽ—¬ŽYƒŠƒXƒN‚ÍA‘¼‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Æ“¯‚¶Œ‹‰Ê‚Æ‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éB


EMF Portal‚̃TƒCƒg‚É‚ ‚Á‚½î•ñ@@ˆê•”C³‰Á•M‚µ‚ÄЉî

––––––––––––––––––––––––––
ŒfÚŽ: Epidemiology 2002; 13 (1): 21-31
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FA
nested case-control study of residential and personal magnetic field measures and miscarriages.
Z‹‚ÆŒÂlŽ¥ŠEŒv‘ª‚Æ—¬ŽY‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éƒRƒz[ƒg“àÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Lee GM, Neutra RR, Hristova L, Yost M, Hiatt RA

‰äX‚̓Rƒz[ƒg“àÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†i177l‚ÌÇ—áA550l‚Ì‘ÎÆj‚ðŽÀŽ{‚µA–kƒJƒ‹ƒtƒHƒ‹ƒjƒAƒJƒCƒU[ƒp[ƒ}ƒlƒ“ƒgˆã—ÃPƒAƒVƒXƒeƒ€‚©‚ç‚Ì—¬ŽY—á‚ƉñŒÚ“IiŒã‚ëŒü‚«F‰ß‹Ž‚ðŽv‚¢o‚µ‚Äj‚ÈŽ¥ŠEŽÚ“x‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A«‚ð•]‰¿‚µ‚½B

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ƒƒCƒ„ƒR[ƒhAƒGƒŠƒA‚Å‚Ì‘ª’è’lA‚¨‚æ‚Ñ‚R‚‚̌Âl”˜˜Iƒ[ƒ^‚É‚æ‚鑪’茋‰Ê‚Å•]‰¿‚µ‚½F(1)˜A‘±‚µ‚½ŠK‘wŠÔ‚Ì·‚Ì•½‹Ï’li‘ª’è•Ï‰»—¦jA(2)Å‘å’lƒŒƒxƒ‹A‚¨‚æ‚Ñ(3)ŽžŠÔ‰Ád•½‹ÏBƒƒCƒ„ƒR[ƒh‚¨‚æ‚уGƒŠƒA‚Å‚Ì‘ª’è’l‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄA
ŠÖ˜A«‚Í”­Œ©‚Å‚«‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

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Še”˜˜I‚ÍA‚S•ªˆÊ‚É•ªŠ„‚³‚ꂽB4•ªˆÊ‚ÌÅ’áˆÊ‚Ì”˜˜I‚ðŠî€iŽQÆjƒŒƒxƒ‹‚Æ‚µ‚½B

Å‚‚S•ªˆÊ‚©‚çŽn‚ß‚ÄA’²®‚³‚ꂽƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Æ95“M—Š‹æŠÔ(CI)‚͈ȉº‚Ì’Ê‚èA
‘ª’è•Ï‰»—¦‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄA3.1(95CI1.6-6.0)A2.3i95CI1.2-4.4jA‚¨‚æ‚Ñ1.5i95CI0.8-3.1jG
Å‘å’l‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄA2.3i95CI1.2-4.4jA1.9i95CI1.0-3.5jA‚¨‚æ‚Ñ1.4i95CI0.7-2.8jG
ŽžŠÔ‰Ád•½‹Ï‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄA1.7i95CI0.9-3.3jA1.7i95CI0.9-3.3jA‚¨‚æ‚Ñ1.7i95CI0.9-3.3j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

2mG
‚Ì24ŽžŠÔ‰Ád•½‹Ï’l‚ð’´‚¦‚邱‚Æ‚É‚æ‚éƒIƒbƒY”ä‚ÍA1.0i95CI0.5-2.1j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B
12
TŽž“_‚Å‚Ì”˜˜I•]‰¿‘ª’è‚ÍA30TŽž“_‚Å‚Ì‘ª’è‚Æ‚Ì‘ŠŠÖ‚ͬ‚³‚©‚Á‚½B
‚É‚àŠÖ‚í‚炸A—¬ŽY‚̊댯‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‘OŒü‚«‚̃TƒuŒ¤‹†‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚ÍAƒRƒz[ƒg“àÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚ƈê’v‚µ‚½B

–––––––––––––––––––––––––

–‚e‚•‚Œ‚Œ@‚”‚…‚˜‚”‚ð“Ç‚Þ‚Æ
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–‚a‚d‚l‚r‚i‚̃Rƒƒ“ƒgF
EŒ‹‰Ê‚ÍA”»‚è‚É‚­‚¢‚ªAˆÈ‰º‚É‚ ‚é—l‚ÉAƒƒCƒ„ƒR[ƒh‚ł̉ðÍ‚ÍAŠÖ˜A«‚ªŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½Œ¾‚¦‚éB
ƒƒCƒ„ƒR[ƒh‚ÅÅ‚à’á‚¢”˜˜Ió‘Ôi‚a‚•‚’‚’‚…‚„j‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄA’†ˆÊ‚Ì”˜˜I‚ł̓IƒbƒY”ä1.5A1A3‚ƃŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚邪AÅ‚ˆÊ‚Ì”˜˜Ii‚u‚g‚b‚bj‚ł̓IƒbƒY”äF0‚Å‚ ‚é‚©‚ç‚Å‚ ‚éB

 


E‚Ü‚½AˆÈ‰º‚Ì•\‚ðŒ©‚é‚ÆAŽžŠÔ‰Ád•½‹Ï‚ÌŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ªA4•ªˆÊ‚É•ªŠ„‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB
Å’áˆÊ‚ª0.72‚‚fˆÈ‰ºA‚»‚µ‚Ä0.72|0.93‚‚fA0.93‚‚f|1.28‚‚fAÅ‚ˆÊ‚Å1.28‚‚fˆÈã‚Æ‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éB
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3
‚‚̃‰ƒ“ƒN‚ÅAƒIƒbƒY”䂪1.7‚ƃŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ðŒ©‚Ä‚¢‚邪A”˜˜I—Ê‚Æ‚Ì—Ê\”½‰žŠÖŒW‚ªŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚©‚çA‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÅŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ª—¬ŽY‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃ͓‚¢‚ÆŒ¾‚¦‚éB




•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚S‚SD•ÛˆçŠí“à‚ÌŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a@

@ì¬F‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚S|‚Q‚O@  XVF‚Q‚O‚Q‚O|‚V|‚Q‚S

*ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½

ŒfÚŽFEPIDEMIOLOGY 2002;13:45-49
˜_•¶–¼FChildhood Leukemia and Magnetic Fields in Infant Incubators  
•ÛˆçŠí‚Å‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì–\˜I‚ƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFKarin C. Söderberg; Estelle Naumburg,; Gert Anger; Sven Cnattingius; Anders Ekbom; Maria Feychting@
From
Fthe 1Institute of Environmental Medicine Sweden.@

ŠT—vF@

In studies of magnetic field exposure and childhood leukemia, power lines and other electrical installations close to the children´s homes constitute the most extensively studied source of exposure.
Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚ƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍA‹ßÝ‚Ì‚ˆ³‘—“dü‚â‘—“dÝ”õ‚ðŽ¥ŠE–\˜IŒ¹‚Ì‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚«‚½B

We conducted a study to assess whether exposure to magnetic fields in infant incubators is associated with an increased leukemia risk.
@
¡‰ñ‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚Í—cŽ™‚Ì•ÛˆçŠí‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎥ŠE–\˜I‚ª¬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚©‚𒲸‚µ‚½B@

We identified all children with leukemia born in Sweden between 1973 and 1989 from the national Cancer Registry and selected at random one control per case, individually matched by sex and time of birth, from the study base.
ƒXƒEƒF[ƒfƒ“‚Ì‚ª‚ñ“o˜^‚©‚ç1973”N‚©‚ç1989”N‚ɬŽ™‚ªƒ“‚É‚È‚Á‚½Žq‹Ÿ‚ð’Šo‚µA«•Ê‚Æ”N—î‚ðƒ}ƒbƒ`‚³‚¹‚½‘ÎÆŒQ‚ð‘I‘ð‚µ‚½B

We retrieved information about treatment in infant incubators from medical records.
•a‰@‚Ì‹L˜^‚©‚çV¶Ž™•ÛˆçŠí‚Å‚Ì•Ûˆç󋵂Ìî•ñ‚ð“üŽè‚µ‚½B

We made measurements of the magnetic fields inside the incubators for each incubator model kept by the hospitals.
•a‰@‚É‚ ‚Á‚½•ÛˆçŠí‚Ì“à•”‚ÌŽ¥ŠE•ª•z󋵂𒲸‚µ‚½B

Exposure assessment was based on measurements of the magnetic field level inside the incubator, as well as on the length of treatment.
–\˜I•]‰¿‚ÍA•ÛˆçŠí“à•”‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‹­“x‚ÆA•ÛˆçŠúŠÔ‚Ì’·‚³‚Å‚¨‚±‚È‚Á‚½B

For acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the risk estimates were close to unity for all exposure definitions.
‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍA‘S‚Ä‚Ì–\˜I•]‰¿‚ɑ΂µ‚ăŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

For acute myeloid leukemia, we found a slightly elevated risk, but with wide confidence intervals and with no indication of dose response.
‹}«œ‘«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍA­‚µƒŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ªŒ©‚ç‚ꂽ‚ªAM—Š«‹æŠÔ‚ÍL‚­A‚Ü‚½—Ê\”½‰žŠÖŒW‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Overall, our results give little evidence that exposure to magnetic fields inside infant incubators is associated with an increased risk of childhood leukemia.
‘S”Ê‚Æ‚µ‚ÄAV¶Ž™•ÛˆçŠí‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎥ŠE–\˜I‚ª¬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ð‘‰Á‚³‚¹‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤ŠmØ‚Í“¾‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

 

–‚d‚l‚e@‚o‚‚’‚”‚‚Œ‚É‚ ‚Á‚½î•ñ

–––––––––––––––––
ŒfÚŽ: Epidemiology 2002; 13 (1): 45-49
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FChildhood leukemia and magnetic fields in infant incubators.
¬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‚Æ•ÛˆçŠí’†‚ÌŽ¥ŠE
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Söderberg KC, Naumburg E, Anger G, Cnattingius S, Ekbom A, Feychting M

Ž¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍAŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì‹Z‹ß‚­‚Ì‘—“dü‚â“d‹C‹@Ší‚ª”˜˜IŒ¹‚Æ‚µ‚Äs‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB
•ÛˆçŠí‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚É”˜˜I‚ª¬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÆŠÖŒW‚·‚é‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ðs‚Á‚½B

1973-1989
”N‚ɃXƒEƒF[ƒfƒ“‚Ŷ‚܂ꂽ”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŽq‹Ÿ‚ðƒKƒ““o˜^Š‚©‚ç“Á’肵AÇ—á“–‚½‚è1–¼‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ð–³ìˆ×“I‚É‘I‚ÑA‚»‚ꂼ‚ê‚Í«•Ê‚Æ’a¶Žž‚ðƒ}ƒbƒ`ƒ“ƒO‚³‚¹‚½B
‚Ü‚½Af’f‘‚©‚ç•ÛˆçŠí“à‚ÌŽ¡—ÂɊւ·‚éî•ñ‚ðŽæ“¾‚µ‚½B
•a‰@“à‚Ì•ÛˆçŠí‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚𑪒肵‚½B

”˜˜I‚Ì•]‰¿‚ÍA•ÛˆçŠí“à‚ÌŽ¥ŠEƒŒƒxƒ‹‚ÆŽ¡—ÊúŠÔ‚ÉŠî‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚éB
‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp‹…”’ŒŒ•a‚Ìê‡A‘S”˜˜IðŒ‚ŃŠƒXƒN‚Í1‚É‹ß‚©‚Á‚½B
œ‘”’ŒŒ•a‚ÅAƒŠƒXƒN‚ª‹Í‚©‚É‚‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ª‚í‚©‚Á‚½‚ªAM—Š‹æŠÔ‚Ì•‚ª‘å‚«‚­A—Ê”½‰žŠÖŒW‚à‚È‚©‚Á‚½B
‘‡“I‚É‚Ý‚ÄA•ÛˆçŠí“à‚ÌŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ÍŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÆŠÖŒW‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éØ‹’‚Í­‚µ‚à‚È‚©‚Á‚½B
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚S‚S‚`DE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñ‚Ì‚f‚‚‚„‚‚‚Ž‚Ì2002”NŒ¤‹†

‹LF‚Q‚O‚Q‚O|‚V|‚Q‚S

ˆÈ‰º‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ª‚ ‚éB

ŒfÚŽFEpidemiology. 13(1):50-58, January 2002.
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FEvaluation of Potential Confounders in Planning a Study of Occupational Magnetic Field Exposure and Female Breast Cancer. @
E‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Æ—«“û‚ª‚ñ‚ÌŒ¤‹†Œv‰æ‚É‚¨‚¯‚éŒð—ˆöŽq‚ÌŒŸ“¢
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFMichael Goodman; Michael Kelsh; Kristie Ebi; Jacqueline Iannuzzi; Bryan Langholz

Abstract:
ŠT—v
We examined potential confounding factors that, if unaccounted for, could possibly produce a spurious association in a study of breast cancer among women occupationally exposed to magnetic fields.
—«‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñ‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄA‚à‚µŒ´ˆö•s–¾‚Å‚ ‚ê‚ÎA‹U‚è‚ÌŠÖ˜A«‚ð‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢‰Â”\«‚Ì‚ ‚éŒð—ˆöŽq‚ðŒŸ“¢‚µ‚½B

For each risk factor, we estimated strength of association, prevalence in the general population, and prevalence of the risk factor in the exposed group required to explain completely hypothetical odds ratios between occupational exposure to magnetic fields and breast cancer.
‚»‚ꂼ‚ê‚̃ŠƒXƒN—vˆö‚ɑ΂µ‚ÄAŠÖ˜A«‚Ì‹­‚³Aˆê”ÊŒöO‚Å‚Ì•‹y“xA“û‚ª‚ñ‚ÆE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚̃IƒbƒY”䊮àø‚ɉ¼à“I‚Éà–¾‚·‚邽‚ß‚É•K—v‚ȃŠƒXƒN—vˆö‚Ì•‹y“x‚ð„’肵‚½B

We performed similar analyses for two, three, four, and five confounding factors acting simultaneously.

‚Ü‚½A“¯Žž‚É‹N‚±‚é2E3E4E5‚‚̌ð—ˆöŽq‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚à“¯—l‚ȉðÍ‚ðs‚Á‚½B

Factors numerically capable of substantial confounding included obesity continent of birth, family history of breast cancer in a first-degree relative, densities on the mammogram, benign proliferative breast disease, history of cancer in one breast, and consumption of at least two alcoholic drinks per day.
Œð—ˆöŽq‚Í”’l‚Å•\‹L‚³‚ê‚éd—v‚ÈŒð—ˆöŽq‚Å‚ ‚èAŽŸ‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚ðŠÜ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚éA”ì–žA¶’a’nAŒ´”­«“û‚ª‚ñŠÖ‚·‚é‚ɉƑ°—ðA“û–[XüŽB‰e‘œ‚Ì”Z“xA—Ç«‚Ì‘B«“û‚ª‚ñ•aA“û‚ª‚ñ‚Ì—š—ðA1“ú“–‚½‚è­‚È‚­‚Æ‚à‚Q”t‚̃Aƒ‹ƒR[ƒ‹‚ðˆù‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚é‚©B

Nevertheless, only continent of birth, history of cancer, obesity, and consumption of alcohol could potentially be related to occupation.
‚»‚ê‚É‚àŠÖ‚í‚炸A¶’a’nEƒKƒ“‚Ì•a—ðE”ì–žEƒAƒ‹ƒR[ƒ‹‚ÌÛŽæ‚Ì‚Ý‚ªAE‹Æ‚ÆŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

Uncontrolled confounders, either alone or in combination, could possibly account for odds ratios in the 1.2-1.3 range but were very unlikely to produce an odds ratio of more than 1.5.
ŒÂ•Ê‚Å‚ ‚낤‚Æ‘g‚݇‚킹‚Å‚ ‚낤‚ƧŒä‚Å‚«‚È‚¢Œð—ˆöŽq‚̓IƒbƒY”ä‚ð1.2‚©‚ç1.3‚͈̔͂ÅAň«‚ÌꇂÍ1.5‚ÉŽ‚¿ã‚°‚é‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚éB

A spurious negative association between magnetic fields and breast cancer could occur if the exposed group included a large number of immigrants from Asia and Africa.
”˜˜IŒQ‚ɃAƒWƒA‚âƒAƒtƒŠƒJ‚©‚ç‚̈ږ¯‚ª‘½‚­‚È‚ê‚ÎAŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñ‚Ì‹U‰A«‚É‚È‚é‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚éB

‚a‚d‚l‚r‚i’F‚±‚̘_•¶‚Í“ï‰ð‚Å‚ ‚éB
ˆê”Ê“I‚ȉuŠw’²¸‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄAŒð—ˆöŽq‚É‚æ‚Á‚ÄAŠÖ˜A«‚ª‚È‚¢‚É‚àŠÖ‚í‚炸AƒIƒbƒY”䂪‚PD‚Q|‚PD‚R‚ÉAň«‚ÌꇂPD‚T‚ɂȂ邱‚Æ‚ð‚±‚Ì˜_•¶‚͈Ӗ¡‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB
‚»‚¤‚È‚ê‚ÎAƒIƒbƒY”䂪‚PD‚T‚æ‚謂³‚¢’ö“x‚ÌŠÖ˜A«‚ðŒ©‚Â‚¯‚½‰uŠw’²¸‚Ìê‡AŒð—ˆöŽq‚É‚æ‚é‰Â”\«‚ª”Û’è‚Å‚«‚È‚¢ê‡‚ÍA‚»‚Ì‚Ü‚ÜŒ‹‰Ê‚ð‰L“Û‚Ý‚É‚Í‚Å‚«‚È‚¢A‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚É‚È‚éB



•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚S‚T.’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚ª”]Žî“’‚Ì”­Ç‚ð’x‚点‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰uŠwŒ¤‹†

 

ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚ɑ΂µ‚ĉ¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬G@‚Q‚O‚O‚R]‚V|‚Q‚O@

]—ˆ‚ÍŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ªŒ’N‚Ɉ«‚¢‰e‹¿‚ð‚à‚½‚ç‚·‚Æ‚¢‚¤‰uŠw’²¸‚ª‚ ‚Á‚½‚ªA‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Í‹t‚ÅAŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ª”]Žîᇂ̔­¶‚ð’x‚点‚éŒø‰Ê‚ª‚ ‚é‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢A‚Æ‚¢‚¤•ñ‚Å‚ ‚éB
‚±‚Ì•ñ‚̓}ƒCƒNƒƒEƒG[ƒuƒjƒ…[ƒX‚É‚àŒfÚ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB

˜_•¶–¼FElevated Residential Exposure to Power Frequency Magnetic Field Associated With Greater Average Age at Diagnosis for Patients with Brain Tumors@
ZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚é“d—ÍŽü”g”Ž¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚ª”]Žîᇊ³ŽÒ‚Ì•½‹Ïf’fŽž”N—î‚ðL‚΂µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFChung-Yi Li et al: ‘ä˜p‚ÌŒ¤‹†ŽÒ
ŒfÚŽGBio Electromagnetics 24:218-221, 2003.

To explore whether the age at cancer diagnosis was associated with residential exposure to magnetic field, we compared average ages at diagnosis for cases of leukemia, brain tumor, or female breast cancer with elevated exposure (magnetic flux density > 0.2 uT, or residential distance from major power lines < 100 m) to average ages at diagnosis for cancer cases with same diagnoses but with a background exposure (< 0.2 uT or > 100 m from major power lines).
 
Šà‚Æf’f‚³‚ꂽ”N—ZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚鎥ŠE–\˜I‚ÉŠÖŒW‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©’²¸‚ðs‚Á‚½B‘ÎÛ‚Í”’ŒŒ•aA”]Žîá‡A—«“û‚ª‚ñ‚Å‚ ‚éB0.2ƒÊTˆÈã‚Ì‚”˜˜I‚à‚µ‚­‚ÍŽå—v‚È‘—“dü‚Ì‚P‚O‚O‚ˆÈ“à‚ÉZ‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚él‚ªŠà‚Æf’f‚³‚ꂽ”N—î‚Ì•½‹Ï’l‚ÆA0.2ƒÊTˆÈ‰º‚Ì”wŒi”˜˜I‚à‚µ‚­‚Í‘—“dü‚©‚ç‚P‚O‚O‚ˆÈã—£‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éꇂƂð”äŠr‚µ‚½B

Comparing with brain tumor cases with background magnetic field exposure (n = 506), brain tumor cases with elevated exposure (n = 71) were 6 years older on average at diagnosis (P = 0.01).

”]ŽîᇂɊւµ‚Ä‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE‚Ì‚”˜˜Ii0.2ƒÊTˆÈãj‚ÌÇ—á‚Í71–¼A”wŒi”˜˜Ii0.2ƒÊTˆÈ‰ºjŒQ‚Å‚Í506–¼‚ð”äŠr‚µA‚”˜˜IŒQ‚Å‚Í6ΔN—‚‚©‚Á‚½B“Œv“I‚É—LˆÓ‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

The difference was greater for males (45.2 vs. 52.
‚P years, P = 0.01) than for females (44.3 vs. 48.2 years, P = 0.27).

‚±‚Ì·‚ÍA’j«‚Å‚Í‚æ‚è‹­‚¢ŒXŒü‚É‚ ‚èA‚”˜˜IG52.1ÎA”wŒi–\˜IF45.2΂œŒv“I‚É—LˆÓ‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B—«‚Å‚Í‚”˜˜IF48.2Î@”wŒi”˜˜IF44.3΂ł ‚Á‚½B@

No such phenomena at a significant level were observed for leukemia, female breast cancer, or a random sample of general population.
@
”’ŒŒ•aA—«“û‚ª‚ñA–³ìˆ×’Šo‚µ‚½ˆê”ÊZ–¯‚Å‚ÍA‚±‚¤‚µ‚½ŠÖ˜A‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

We noted an association between magnetic field exposure and a greater mean age at diagnosis for brain tumors.
@
”]ŽîᇂɊւµ‚Ä‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ”]ŽîᇂɂȂéif’f‚³‚ê‚éjŽžŠú‚Ì•½‹Ï”N—î‚Æ‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚ª‚ ‚Á‚½B

Whether or not these phenomena suggest delayed occurrence of brain tumors following a higher than background residential magnetic field exposure deserves further investigation.
‚Ž¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ª”wŒi”˜˜Ii0.2ƒÊTˆÈ‰ºj‚É”ä‚ׂĔ]Žîᇂ̔­¶‚ð’x‚点‚éŒø‰Ê‚ª‚ ‚é‚©”Û‚©‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚Í‚³‚ç‚Ȃ錤‹†‚ª•K—v‚Å‚ ‚éB@

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚S‚UD‚P‚UD‚V‚g‚šŽ¥ŠE‚ƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a


ƒAƒuƒXƒgƒ‰ƒNƒg‚Ì‚Ý“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬G‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚W|‚W@

ŒfÚŽGBritish Journal of Cancer: March 2001, Volume 84, Number 5, Pages 697-699

˜_•¶–¼FChildhood acute leukemia and residential 16.7 Hz magnetic fields in Germany
 
ƒhƒCƒc‚É‚¨‚¯‚éZŠÂ‹«‰º‚Ì‚P‚UD‚V‚g‚šŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ƬŽ™‹}«”’ŒŒ•a
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFJ Schüz, J P Grigat, K Brinkmann and J Michaelis@
Institut für Medizinische Statistik und Dokumentation der Universität Mainz, D-55101 Mainz, Germany

Abstract
@ŠT—v@
We observed a moderate but statistically non-significant association between magnetic fields (MF) and childhood leukemia.
Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚ƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a‚Ƃ̂킸‚©‚ÈA‚µ‚©‚µ“Œv“I‚É‚Í—LˆÓ‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢ŠÖŒW‚ðŒ©o‚µ‚½B

This is the first such study to cover residential exposure to 16.7 Hz (railway frequency) MF though based on few exposed subjects.
‚±‚ê‚ÍA“d‹C“S“¹‚ÅÌ—p‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚é‚P‚UD‚V‚g‚š‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éʼn‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÅAZŠÂ‹«‰º‚Å‚Ì–\˜I‚ðŽó‚¯‚Ä‚¢‚鑽‚­‚È‚¢(Œ´•¶‚Ífew‚Å‚ ‚èAa few‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢HH)@lX‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½B

Our study does not exclude a small excess risk, but the attributable risk must be very low.
–{Œ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê‚Í­‚È‚¢‰ß胊ƒXƒN‚ª‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ð”rœ‚µ‚È‚¢‚ªAƒŠƒXƒN‚ª‚ ‚Á‚½‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚àŠñ—^—¦‚Í’á‚¢B

It is reassuring that neglecting 16.7 Hz MF in childhood cancer studies appears to have little effect on findings.
Ž¥ŠE‚ƬŽ™‚ª‚ñ‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚錤‹†‚ÉÛ‚µ‚ÄA‚±‚Ì‚P‚UD‚V‚g‚šŽ¥ŠE‚𖳎‹‚µ‚Ä‚àAŒ¤‹†‚ɉe‹¿‚ð—^‚¦‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ª‚í‚©‚Á‚½B

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚S‚V@ƒXƒEƒF[ƒfƒ““d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚̃Rƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê

 

ƒXƒEƒF[ƒfƒ“‚Ì’·Šú“I’²¸‚Å–¾‚ç‚©‚É
o“TFEuropean Commission”­suJANUSv‘æ27 p.24

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS DO NOT INCREASE THE RISK OF ILL-HEALTH
“dŽ¥ŠE‚É‚ÍŒ’N‚ւ̊댯‚Í‚È‚¢

Every Seventh worker at electrical power companies has experienced that her or his health has worsened. Noise at work was the main problem.
Linemen suffered very often from backache and knee pain.
There was no correlation between exposure for magnetic fields and health effects. Furthermore, the study showed that the fields did not increase reproductive hazards or the risk of a malformed foetus.
@“d—͉ïŽÐ‚Ì]Ž–ŽÒ‚Ì7l‚É1l‚ÍŒ’N‚̈«‰»‚ðŒoŒ±‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB‚»‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚ÍŽå‚ÉEê‚Å‚Ì‘›‰¹‚É‚ ‚éB‚Ü‚½‰ËüH‚à˜’É‚â•G‚̒ɂ݂ɋꂵ‚Þ‚±‚Æ‚ª‘½‚¢B
‚µ‚©‚µAŽ¥ŠE‚É‚³‚炳‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ÆŒ’N‚ւ̉e‹¿‚Æ‚ÌŠÔ‚É‚ÍA‘ŠŠÖ‚ª‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ª’²¸‚Å•ª‚©‚Á‚½B‚Ü‚½Ž¥ŠE‚ͶB‹@”\‚ÉáŠQ‚ð—^‚¦‚½‚èA‘ÙŽ™‚ÉŠïŒ`‚ð‹N‚±‚µ‚½‚è‚·‚郊ƒXƒN‚à‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ª”»–¾‚µ‚½B

A unique research project within the Swedish electrical power industry, has been carried out at the Swedish Institute for Work Life Research in Stockholm.
The researchers have made a prospective study.
A selected group of employees, a so-called cohort, was examined for a long period of time.
ƒXƒEƒF[ƒfƒ““d—ÍŽY‹Æ‚цƒj[ƒN‚ÈŒ¤‹†ƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg‚ªAƒXƒgƒbƒNƒzƒ‹ƒ€‚̃XƒEƒF[ƒfƒ“˜J“­¶ŠˆŒ¤‹†Š‚É‚æ‚Á‚Äs‚í‚ꂽBŒ¤‹†ŽÒ‚ÍA‘OŒü‚«‚ÌŒ¤‹†i‚ ‚鎞“_‚©‚çŠJŽn‚µ‚ÄA’ÇÕ’²¸‚ðs‚¤j‚ðs‚Á‚½B‘I‘ð‚³‚ê‚½]‹ÆˆõƒOƒ‹[ƒv‚ªƒRƒz[ƒg‚Æ‚µ‚ÄA’·Šú‚É“n‚è’²¸‚³‚ꂽB

About 700 workers at power stations and linemen, recruited by companies during 1981-85, were included in the research project.
A medical investigation was carried out every third year.
At the same intervals the employees' experiences were investigated by a specific questionnaire, in which the workers judged and evaluated their working conditions.
1981
”N‚©‚ç85”N‚É‚©‚¯‚ĉïŽÐ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Čٗp‚³‚ꂽA”­“dŠ‚Ì]‹Æˆõ‚â‰ËüH‚ðŠÜ‚Þ700l‚̘J“­ŽÒ‚ª’²¸‚Ì‘ÎÛ‚É‚È‚Á‚½B‚R”N’u‚«‚ÉŒ’Nf’f‚ªs‚í‚êA‚»‚ê‚Æ“¯Žž‚É]‹Æˆõ‚ªŒoŒ±‚µ‚½‚±‚Ƃɂ‚¢‚ẴAƒ“ƒP[ƒg’²¸‚às‚í‚ꂽB

The exposure is different risk Factors such as certain chemical, noise
and electric and magnetic fields was measured by technical expert.
When the project ended in 1995 about 460 workers were still in the study group.
ŠeŽí‚̃ŠƒXƒN—vˆöA‚½‚Æ‚¦‚Ή»ŠwÞ—¿A‘›‰¹A“dŽ¥ŠE‚È‚Ç‚ªA‹Zp‚Ìê–å‰Æ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä‘ª’肳‚ꂽBƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg‚Í1995”N‚ÉI‚í‚Á‚½‚ªA‚»‚ÌŽž‚É‚Í–ñ460l‚̘J“­ŽÒ‚ª’²¸ƒOƒ‹[ƒv‚ÉŽc‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚½B

Early warning
@‰Šú‚ÌŒx
For quite a long time electric and magnetic Fields have been in the focus of the risk debate, not least in the media.
The First findings were reported in the 1970s by Spanish and Russian scientists.
“dŽ¥ŠE‚ªŒ’N‚Ɋ댯‚ð‹y‚Ú‚·‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©‚Ì–â‘è‚ÍA’·‚¢ŠÔA“Á‚ɃƒfƒBƒA‚݂̂ȂȂ炸A˜_‹c‚̃^ƒl‚É‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚½Bʼn‚ÌŒ¤‹†¬‰Ê‚Í1970”N‘ã‚ɃXƒyƒCƒ“‚¨‚æ‚уƒVƒA‚̉ȊwŽÒ‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä”­•\‚³‚ꂽB

Therefore, the Swedish researchers studied whether this exposure could be related to specific symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, dizziness, headaches, irritation, numbness, stomach pains, restlessness, sleeplessness and tiredness.
‚»‚Ì‚½‚ßAƒXƒEƒF[ƒfƒ“‚ÌŒ¤‹†ŽÒ‚Í‚±‚¤‚µ‚½”˜˜I‚ª“Á’è‚ÌÇóA‚½‚Æ‚¦‚ΕsˆÀA—}ŸTÇA‚ß‚Ü‚¢A“ª’ÉA‚¢‚炾‚¿AŒ‘‘ÓŠ´AˆÝ’ÉA•s–°ÇA”æ˜J‚È‚Ç‚ÆŠÖŒW‚ª‚ ‚é‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©‚𒲸‚µ‚½B

The scientists did not find any correlation between electric fields and depression, headaches or sleeplessness, however magnetic fields may increase the risk of anxiety, restlessness and tiredness.
‚±‚Ì’²¸‚É‚æ‚é‚ÆA“dŠE‚Æ—}ŸTÇA“ª’ÉA•s–°Ç‚Ƃ̊Ԃɂ͉½‚ÌŠÖŒW‚à‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ª‚í‚©‚Á‚½B‚µ‚©‚µAŽ¥ê‚Í•sˆÀA•sˆÀ’èA”æ˜J‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ð‚‚ß‚é‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚é‚Æ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB

Since it is important to detect early symptoms, the worker's blood and hormones, such as cortisole and prolactine, and biomarkers, such as tissue polypeptid antigen (TPA), were analyzed.

This antigen may be very useful in the detection of early tumors.
Çó‚ð‘Šú‚É”­Œ©‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ªd—v‚Å‚ ‚邽‚ßA˜J“­ŽÒ‚ÌŒŒ‰t‚¨‚æ‚уzƒ‹ƒ‚ƒ“iƒRƒ‹ƒ`ƒ][ƒ‹‚âƒvƒƒ‰ƒNƒ`ƒ“–‚È‚ÇjA¶•¨Žw•Wi‘gD‚̃|ƒŠƒyƒvƒ`ƒhRŒ´TPA‚È‚Çj‚ª•ªÍ‚³‚ꂽB‚±‚ÌRŒ´‚ÍŽîᇂð‘Šú‚É”­Œ©‚·‚éã‚Å—LŒø‚Å‚ ‚éB

The researchers did notice that electrical fields might increase the body's production of cortisole and TPA.
However, the results have to be interpreted very cautiously. Furthermore,
the researchers did not find any correlation between exposure to the fields and reproductive hazards.
’²¸‚Å‚ÍA“dŠE‚ª‘Ì“à‚̃Rƒ‹ƒ`ƒ][ƒ‹‚âTPA‚̶ŽY‚ð‘‚â‚·‰Â”\«‚ðŽw“E‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½B‚±‚¤‚µ‚½Œ‹‰Ê‚ÍTd‚ɉðŽß‚·‚é•K—v‚ª‚ ‚éB‚³‚ç‚É“dŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ƶB‹@”\‚ÌáŠQ‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚ÍŒ©o‚¹‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Noise a problem
@‘›‰¹‚ª–â‘è‚É
The linemen had hard, heavy work tasks and they were exposed to wind and bad weather conditions. After nine years in this occupation every seventh employee suffered from back pain.
Furthermore, every eighth worker fell symptoms in the knees, the neck or the shoulders.
‰ËüH‚ÌŽdŽ–‚Íd˜J“­‚ÅA•—‚∫“VŒó‚Ì’†‚Å‚àì‹Æ‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃç‚È‚¢B‚±‚Ì‹Æ–±‚É‚X”N‚ɂ킽‚Á‚Ä]Ž–‚µ‚½ê‡A˜J“­ŽÒ‚Ì7l‚É‚Pl‚͘’ɂɋꂵ‚ß‚ç‚ê‚éB‚³‚ç‚É8l‚É1l‚Í•GAŽñAŒ¨‚È‚Ç‚ÉÇ󂪌©Žó‚¯‚ç‚ꂽB

In general, the most frequently reported symptoms of the whole study group were bock pain, headaches, stomach problems and shoulder pain.
‘S‘Ì‚Æ‚µ‚ÄA’²¸‘ÎÛƒOƒ‹[ƒv‚ÅÅ‚à‘½‚¢Çó‚͘’ÉA“ª’ÉAˆÝ•aAŒ¨’É‚È‚Ç‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

The employees themselves pointed out that noise was the main problem in their work environment. In an everyday context, the noise levels exceeded the Swedish threshold value.
˜J“­ŽÒŽ©g‚ª˜J“­ðŒ‚Ì’†‚ÅÅ‚à–â‘è‚È‚Ì‚Í‘›‰¹‚¾‚ÆŽw“E‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½B–ˆ“ú‚Ìì‹Æ‚Ì’†‚Å‘›‰¹ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚̓XƒEƒF[ƒfƒ“‚Ì臒l‚ð’´‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚½B

The most frequent sources were compressors, drilling machines, excavators, power saws and snow scooters. To reduce the noise level the researcher suggested an action programme.
‘›‰¹‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚̓Rƒ“ƒvƒŒƒbƒTAúE‹@AŒ@í‹@A“d“®‹˜AáãŽÔ‚È‚Ç‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B‘›‰¹ƒŒƒxƒ‹‚ðˆø‚«‰º‚°‚邽‚ß‚É‚ÍA‚»‚Ì‚½‚ß‚Ì‘ÎôƒvƒƒOƒ‰ƒ€‚ª•K—v‚Å‚ ‚é‚ÆŒ¤‹†ŽÒ‚ÍŽw“E‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

In general, the health and well-being of the employees was quite good during the project. Workers in the power industry did not suffer from diseases or injuries more than other occupational groups.
Furthermore, we did not find any symptoms which could be explained by the e electric and magnetic fields' concluded Siv Torqvist a researcher on the project.
u‚±‚Ì’²¸ƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg‚ÌŠúŠÔ’†‚É‚¨‚¯‚é˜J“­ŽÒ‚ÌŒ’NA•ŸŽƒ‚Í”ñí‚É—ÇD‚¾‚Á‚½B“d—ÍŽY‹Æ‚̘J“­ŽÒ‚Í‘¼‚ÌEŽí‚̘J“­ŽÒ‚æ‚è•a‹C‚âЊQ‚ª‘½‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚悤‚È•sˆÀ‚Í‚à‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚È‚©‚Á‚½B‚³‚ç‚É“dŽ¥ŠE‚É‹Nˆö‚·‚éÇó‚ÍŒ©o‚¹‚È‚©‚Á‚½v‚ÆAƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg‚ÌŒ¤‹†ˆõ‚̃VƒuEƒgƒ‹ƒ“ƒLƒXƒg‚ÍŒê‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éB


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ŠT—v‚ð“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬F‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P‚P|‚Q‚R@

Œ¤‹†ŽÒFSiv Tornqvist, RN

˜_•¶–¼FPaternal Work in the Power Industry: Effects on Children at Delivery
@@@@•ƒe‚ª“d—Í]Ž–ŽÒê‡F¶‚Ü‚ê‚éŽq‹Ÿ‚ւ̉e‹¿@
ŒfÚŽGŽFJOEM(Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine) 40:2 (February 1998), pp 111-117@

Although reports on reproductive disturbances among occupational groups of electrical workers have been discussed, few studies have focused explicitly on the children of workers employed in the power industry.
E‹Æ“I‚È“d‹CŠÖŒW]Ž–ŽÒ‚Ì’†‚É‘¶Ý‚·‚é¶BáŠQ‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é•ñ‚ª‚ ‚éB’†‚É‚Í“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚ÌŽq‹Ÿ‚É“Á‚ÉÅ“_‚ð“–‚Ä‚½Œ¤‹†‚ª‚ ‚éBiŒ´•¶‚ÍFew‚Å‚ ‚邪AA few‚̊ԈႢHj

Birth outcome and cancer in the offspring(
Žq‹Ÿ) of fathers who were exposed to electric and magnetic fields at time of spermi¸Žqjproduction were studied in two cohorts.
¸Žq‚ªì‚ç‚ê‚鎞‚É“dŽ¥ŠE‚É”˜˜I‚µ‚½•ƒe‚ÌŽq‹Ÿ‚ÌŠà‚Æo¶‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é“ñ‚‚̃Rƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†‚ª‚ ‚éB

In Study I, male occupation in the power industry was identified in censuses. Study 2 is a prospective cohort study of newly employed power industry workers.
Œ¤‹†‚P‚Å‚Í‘¨’²¸‚ð—˜—p‚µ‚½’j«“d—Í]Ž–ŽÒ‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µAŒ¤‹†2‚Å‚Í“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ‚ÉV‹K‚ÉÌ—p‚³‚ꂽl‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½‘OŒü‚«‚̃Rƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ ‚éB@

Birth data were obtained by record linkage between censuses and several available
@health registers in Sweden.
o¶ƒf[ƒ^‚̓XƒEƒF[ƒfƒ“‚Ì‘¨’²¸‚ÆŠô‘½‚Ì—˜—p‰Â”\‚ÈŒ’N“o˜^‚ðŒ‹‚Ñ‚Â‚¯‚ÄA“¾‚ç‚ꂽB

Multiple births, birth weight, sex survival, congenital malformations, and cancer have been analyzed with relation to the father's exposure to electric and magnetic fields one year before the child was born.
‘oŽq‚Ì’a¶A¶‚܂ꂽŽž‚Ì‘ÌdA«•ÊAæ“V“I‚ȈÙíAŠà‚ðAŽq‹Ÿ‚ª¶‚Ü‚ê‚é1”N‘O‚Ì•ƒe‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ÅA‰ðÍ‚µ‚½A

There were six cancer cases among infants(1
Ζ¢–ž‚Ì—cŽ™) in the exposed group (2.4 expected) and six in the unexposed group (3.2 expected) in Study 1.
Œ¤‹†‚P‚Å‚ÍA”˜˜IŒQ‚Å‚ÍŠú‘Ò’l2.4‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä1Ζ¢–ž‚Ì—cŽ™‚ÌŠà‚ª6—áA”ñ”˜˜IŒQ‚Å‚ÍŠú‘Ò’l3.2‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä6—á‚ÌŠà‚ªŠÏŽ@‚³‚ꂽB@

Jointly, the 12 cancer cases found among the infants were more than expected (P = 0.02). However, this total excess may be random.
‚ ‚킹‚Ä12—á‚Ì1Ζ¢–ž‚Ì—cŽ™‚ÌŠà‚ÍŠú‘Ò’l‚ðã‰ñ‚锎š‚Å‚ ‚邪A‚±‚ê‚Í‹ô‘R‚ÆŒ¾‚¦‚éB

No cancer cases were observed in the prospective study.
Œ¤‹†2‚Ì‘OŒü‚«ƒRƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍAŠà‚ÌÇ—á‚ÍŠÏŽ@‚³‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

For chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down's syndrome, one case was observed among infants of exposed fathers and three cases, among unexposed fathers in Study 1.
ƒ_ƒEƒ“ÇŒóŒQ‚̂悤‚ÈõF‘̈Ùí‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍAŒ¤‹†‚P‚ÅA”˜˜IŒQ‚Å‚Í1—áA”ñ”˜˜IŒQ‚Å‚Í3—ႪŠÏŽ@‚³‚ꂽB

In Study 2, no cases were observed.
Œ¤‹†‚Q‚Å‚ÍA‚»‚¤‚µ‚½Ç—á‚ÍŠÏŽ@‚³‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

There was a slightly higher proportion of malformation diagnoses among infants of exposed fathers than among infants of unexposed fathers in Study 2, but this could be random (odds ratio = 1.59; 95% Confidence interval 0.43-1.48).
Œ¤‹†2‚Å‚ÍA”ñ”˜˜IŒQ‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä”˜˜IŒQ‚ł̈Ùí‚ÌŠ„‡‚ª­‚µ‚‚©‚Á‚½‚ªA‚±‚ê‚Í‹ô‘R‚ÆŒ¾‚¦‚éBƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.59@95%M—Š‹æŠÔ‚Í0.43|1.49‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B@

No clear-cut effects on infants fathered by men who were exposed to electric and magnetic fields around the time of sperm production could be seen in these two studies.
‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì“ñ‚‚̌¤‹†‚©‚çA“dŽ¥ŠE‚É”˜˜I‚µ‚½•ƒe‚ÌŽq‹Ÿ‚Ö‚Ì–¾Šm‚ȉe‹¿‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Correspondence:
@Siv Tornqvist, RN
National Institute for Working Life S-17184 Solna, Sweden

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49. “d—ÍŽü”g”“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ_ŒoŽ¾Š³‚Ì‘ä˜p‚ł̉uŠwŒ¤‹†


ŠT—v‚ð“üŽè@‰¼–ó‚ð‚‚¯‚½B@ì¬F@‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚P‚P|‚Q‚T@

˜_•¶–¼FRisk of Cognitivei”F’mjImpairmenti‹@”\‚È‚Ç‚ðŠQ‚·‚éj in Relation to Elevated Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields@“dŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚É‚æ‚é”F’máŠQ‚̃ŠƒXƒN
ŒfÚŽFJOEMiJournal of occupational and Environmental Medicinej44:1 pp 66-72 JANUARY 2002
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFChung-Yi, Li, PhD, Fung-Chang Sung, PhD, Shwu Chong Wu,PhD

ŠT—v
Occupational exposure to power-frequency electromagnetic fields (PF-EMF) has been suspected of being associated with adverse neurological outcomes.
E‹Æ“I‚È“d—ÍŽü”g”“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ª_Œo‹@”\‚Ɉ«‰e‹¿‚ð‹y‚Ú‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‰Â”\«‚ª‚ ‚éB

We performed a case-control study to assess the relationship between exposure to PF-EMF and the risk of cognitive impairment, an indication of certain adverse neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia
i
’s•ðj.
“d—ÍŽü”g”“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ_ŒoáŠQ‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÌŠÖŒW‚𒲸‚·‚邽‚ß‚ÉÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚ðs‚Á‚½B”F’máŠQ‚̈«‰e‹¿‚ÌŽw•W‚Æ‚µ‚ăAƒ‹ƒcƒnƒCƒ}[•a‚Æ’s•ð‚ðŽæ‚èã‚°‚½B

Among 2198 elderly individuals aged 65 years or older, 290 persons with score-based cognitive impairment were compared with 580 sex-matched controls to assess the risk of cognitive impairment in relation to PF-EMF exposure.
‚U‚TΈÈã‚Ì”N—î‚Ì‚Q‚P‚X‚W–¼‚ÌŒÂl‚ð‘ÎÛ‚ÉA”F’máŠQ‚Æ”»’肳‚ꂽ‚Q‚X‚O–¼‚ÆA‚T‚W‚O–¼‚Ì‘ÎÆ‚ð“d—ÍŽü”g”“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ð”äŠr‚µ‚½B

Participants who were former electrical workers or living within 100 meters of high-voltage transmission lines were considered to have higher exposure.
’²¸‚Ì‘ÎÛŽÒ‚Í“dŽ¥ŠE‚É‚”˜˜I‚Æl‚¦‚ç‚ê‚錳“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚©A‚ˆ³‘—“dü‚©‚ç‚P‚O‚O‚ˆÈ“à‚ÉZ‚Þl‚Å‚ ‚éB

Compared with background exposure, the risk was equal or close to unity for participants with higher exposure from a previous occupation (odds ratio [OR], 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7 to 2.3), higher residential exposure (OR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.3 to 2.6), or higher exposure in both occupation and residential environments (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.2 to 4.6).
”wŒi”˜˜I‚Æ”ä‚ׂÄAƒŠƒXƒN‚Í•½‹Ï“I‚È’l‚Æ“¯‚¶‚©‚»‚ê‚É‹ß‚¢’l‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B‰ß‹Ž‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È‚”˜˜I‚ł̓IƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.3i95%“M—Š‹æŠÔ‚Í0.7-2.3jAZŠÂ‹«‚Å‚Ì‚”˜˜I‚ł̓IƒbƒY”ä‚Í0.9A@ZŠÂ‹«‚ƉߋŽ‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚ł̃IƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.0‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

Our findings provide little support for the link between PF-EMF and cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, the study results do not preclude the possible association between PF-EMF and any specific neurodegenerative (_ŒoÁ–Õ«Ž¾Š³) disease previously investigated.
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ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹GChildhood cancer and residential proximity to power lines

“d—Íü‚Ö‚Ì‹ßÚZŠÂ‹«‚ƬŽ™‚ª‚ñ
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFSkinner J., Maslanyj M.P., Mee T.J., Allen S.G., Simpson J., Roman E. and Day N.E.
ŒfÚŽGBritish Journal of Cancer 2000 83:11 (1573-1580)

 

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http://www.excite.co.jp/News/world/20050603155659/JAPAN-178653-1_story.html

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˜_•¶–¼FChildhood cancer in relation to distance from high voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case-control study
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Œ¤‹†ŽÒFGerald Draper, honorary senior research fellow, Tim Vincent, research officer, Mary E Kroll, statistician, John Swanson, scientific adviser

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ƒNƒF–â‘肪‚ ‚é‚Æ‚µ‚½Œ¤‹†‚Ì—á

ŒfÚŽFOccup Environ Med 2000;57:258-263
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FExposure to electromagnetic fields and suicide among electric utility workers: a nested case-control study
“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚Æ“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚ÌŽ©ŽEFÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†
@
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFEdwin van Wijngaarden a, David A Savitz a, Robert C Kleckner a, Jianwen Cai b, Dana Loomis a
a: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
A
b: Department of Biostatistics

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ŒfÚŽGOccupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;59:199-200
˜_•¶–¼FSuicide mortality among electricians in the Swedish construction industry
@ƒXƒEƒF[ƒfƒ“‚ÌŒšÝ‹ÆŠE‚É‚¨‚¯‚é“d‹CH‚ÌŠÔ‚ÌŽ©ŽE‚É‚æ‚鎀–S—¦’²¸
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFB Jarvholm and A Stenberg
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational Medicine, Umea University, Umea Sweden

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ŒfÚŽFAmerican Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 140, Issue 9 805-820, 1994 
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹GAssociation between exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields and cancer in electric utility workers in Quebec, Canada, and France @@ƒJƒiƒ_EƒPƒxƒbƒNB‚ƃtƒ‰ƒ“ƒX‚Ì“d—ÍŽ–‹Æ]Ž–ŽÒ‚É‚¨‚¯‚éƒpƒ‹ƒX«“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ƃKƒ“‚ÌŠÖŒW
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFB Armstrong, G Theriault, P Guenel, J Deadman, M Goldberg and P Heroux
Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

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ŒfÚŽFAmerican Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 159, No. 9 2004
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FResidential and Occupational Exposures to 50Hz Magnetic Fields and Breast Cancer in Women: A Population - based Study@
@ZŠÂ‹«‚¨‚æ‚ÑE‹Æ“I‚È‚T‚O‚g‚šŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚Æ—«‚Ì“û‚ª‚ñ
Œ¤‹†ŽÒGJolanta Kliukiene ‚ç
@Norway, Institute of Population-based Cancer Research, 0510, Norway

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˜_•¶–¼FCombined Exposure to High Levels of Air Pollution and Electromagnetic Fields May Increase Leukemia and Other Cancer Risk in Children.
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFH. Wachtel, R. L. Pearson.

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‚T‚VDƒAƒƒŠƒJ@McCurdy‚ç‚Ì2001”NŒ¤‹†‚É‚Ý‚é—«‚ÌŽ¥ŠE”˜˜IŽÀ‘Ô@

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ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FExposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields among working women and homemakers@“­‚­—«‚ÆŽå•w‚Ì’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÌŽÀ‘Ô
ŒfÚŽF Annals of Occupational Hygiene, November 2001, vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 643-650(8)
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFMcCurdy A.L.‚ç

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273
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‚»‚Ì’†‚ÅAŠÅŒì•w‚⌒NŠÖŒW]Ž–ŽÒ‚Í•½‹Ï0.134ƒÊ‚siŬ0.032@Å‘å0.285jA‹³Žt‚ÆŠwZŠÖŒWŽÒ‚Í•½‹Ï0D099ƒÊ‚siŬ0.035@Å‘å0.673j‚Å’á‚¢”˜˜I—Ê‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

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58A“ú–{‰q¶Šw‰ï‰p•¶Ž2000”N@WangEKagamimori‚ç‚̬l”’ŒŒ•aƒƒ^‰ðÍ

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˜_•¶‚Ì–`“ª‚É‚ ‚éŠT—v‚Ì•”•ª‚̉¼–ó
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
ŒfÚŽFEnvironmental Health and Preventive Medicine 5, 43-46, April, 2000
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FA Meta-analysis of Epidemiological Studies on the Relationship between Occupational Electromagnetic Field Exposure and@the Risk of Adult Leukemia
¬l”’ŒŒ•a‚ÆE‹Æ“I‚È“dŽ¥”g”˜˜I‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é‰uŠwŒ¤‹†‚̃ƒ^‰ðÍ
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFHongbing WANG, Shigeru SOKEJIMA, Sadanobu KAGAMIMORI et al:

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Since the first paper by Milham et al. suggested that occupational exposure to an electromagnetic field (EMF) could increase the risk of adult leukemia, many epidemiological studies on this problem have been published.
E‹Æ“I‚È“dŽ¥”g‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚ª¬l”’ŒŒ•a‚ð‘‰Á‚³‚¹‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤Milham‚ç‚Ìʼn‚Ì•ñˆÈ—ˆA‚±‚ÌŒ‚ÉuŠÖ‚·‚éŠô‘½‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ª”­•\‚³‚ê‚Ä‚«‚½B

In this report the method of meta-analysis was used to summarize the results from these papers quantitatively.
–{˜_‚Å‚ÍA‚±‚ê‚ç‚̘_•¶‚ð’è—Ê“I‚ÉŽæ‚è‚܂Ƃ߂邱‚Æ‚É‚æ‚Á‚ăƒ^‰ðÍ‚ðs‚Á‚½B

The combined relative risk of all leukemia (RR=I.11), as well as acute lymphocytic leukemia (RR=l.38), acute myeloid leukemia (RR=I.07) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (RR=l.14) increased but not significantly.
‘Š‡“I‚È‘Š‘΃ŠƒXƒN‚ÍA‘S”’ŒŒ•a‚ÅRR‚Í1.11A‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÅRR‚Í1.38A‹}«œ‘«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÅRR‚Í1.07A–«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÅRR‚Í1.14‚Æ‘‰Á‚Í‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邪A“Œv“I‚É—LˆÓ‚Å‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

So far, it is difficult to make a consistent conclusion about the relationship of the occupational exposure to EMF and adult leukemia.
]‚Á‚ÄAE‹Æ“I‚È“dŽ¥”g”˜˜I‚Ƭl”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄŽñ”öˆêŠÑ‚µ‚½Œ‹˜_‚𓾂邱‚Ƃ͓‚¢‚¢B

Further carefully designed case-control and cohort studies using the more valid means of exposure assessment are required.
”˜˜I•]‰¿‚ÌX‚È‚é—LŒø‚ÈŽè–@‚ð—p‚¢‚½A‚³‚ç‚É’ˆÓ[‚­ðŒÝ’肳‚ꂽǗá‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚âƒRƒz[ƒgŒ¤‹†‚ª•K—v‚Å‚ ‚éB
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ŒfÚŽFEnvironmental Health and Preventive Medicine@Vol. 5 (2000) , No. 1 p.43
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FA Meta-analysis of Epidemiological Studies on the Relationship between Occupational Electromagnetic Field Exposure and the Risk of Adult Leukemia
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFWANG Hongbing‚ç,

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X‚Ȃ鸓x‚Ì‚‚¢Œ¤‹†‚ª•K—v‚Å‚ ‚éB
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BEMSJ
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•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚T‚XD2011”NƒI[ƒXƒgƒ‰ƒŠƒA‚Ì’áŽü”g“dŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì—¼e‚Ì”˜˜I‚ƬŽ™Šà‚ÌŒ¤‹†

‹LF‚Q‚O‚P‚P|‚P‚O|‚Q‚W

ˆÈ‰º‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ª2011”N10ŒŽ––‚É”­•\‚³‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½B
‚Ü‚¾‚±‚ÌŽí‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÍŒp‘±‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邱‚Æ‚ª”»‚éB

BJC Reid 2011 ELF
‚ƬŽ™‚ª‚ñŠT—v
ŒfÚŽFBritish Journal of Cancer (2011) 105, 1409–1413.
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FRisk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia following parental occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFA Reid at al:

ŠT—v
BACKGROUND: Earlier studies have reported moderate increases in the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) among children whose mothers have been occupationally exposed to extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields. Other studies examining parental occupational exposure to ELF and ALL have reported mixed results.
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METHODS: In an Australian case–control study of ALL in children aged o15 years, parents were asked about tasks they undertook in each job. Exposure variables were created for any occupational exposure before the birth of the child, in jobs 2 years before birth, in jobs 1 year before birth and up to 1 year after birth.
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Žq‹Ÿ‚̶‚Ü‚ê‚é2”N‘O‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜IAŽq‹Ÿ‚ª¶‚Ü‚ê‚é1”N‘O‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜IAŽq‹Ÿ‚ª¶‚Ü‚ê‚Ä‚©‚ç1”NŒã‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚ðA”˜˜I•Ï”‚Æ‚µ‚Ä’è‚ß‚½B

RESULTS: In all, 379 case and 854 control mothers and 328 case and 748 control fathers completed an occupational history. Exposure to ELF in all time periods was similar in case and control mothers. There was no difference in exposure between case and control fathers. There was no association between maternal (odds ratio (OR=0.96; 95% CI=0.74–1.25) or paternal (OR=0.78; 95%CI=0.56–1.09) exposure to ELF any time before the birth and risk of childhood ALL
.
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CONCLUSION: We did not find an increased risk of ALL in offspring of parents with occupational exposure to ELF.
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•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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yŒ‹Œêz
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ˆÈ‰º‚ÍEMF Portal‚̃TƒCƒg‚É‚ ‚Á‚½î•ñ


–––––––––––––––––––––––
ŒfÚŽ: J Epidemiol 2010; 20 (1): 54-61
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FPower-frequency magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors: a case-control study in Japan.
“d—ÍŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚ƬŽ™”]Žîá‡F“ú–{‚É‚¨‚¯‚éÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Saito T, Nitta H, Kubo O, Yamamoto S, Kabuto M et al;

lŒûƒx[ƒX‚ÌÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄA¤—pŽü”g”Ž¥ŠEiMFj‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄAV‹K‚ɬŽ™”]ŽîᇂÆf’f‚³‚ꂽǗá55‚ðAÇ—á‚Æ”N—îE«•ÊE‹Z’nˆæ‚ðƒ}ƒbƒ`‚³‚¹‚½–³ìˆ×‘Io‚Ì‘ÎÆ99‚Æ”äŠr‚µ‚½B

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A“c•’q’˜uIH’²—Ší‚𔃂¤‘O‚É•K‚¸“Ç‚Þ–{v‚Ì’†‚Ɉø—p‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚镶Œ£‚Ì“à—e‚ÌŠm”F
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ˆÈ‰º‚Í‚»‚̃mƒ‹ƒEƒF[‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Ì“à—e‚Å‚ ‚éB

ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹GRisk of birth defects by parental occupational exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic Fields: a population based study
@@—¼e‚ÌE‹Æ”˜˜Ii50HzŽ¥ŠEj‚ÆoŽYˆÙí‚̃ŠƒXƒN
Œ¤‹†ŽÒGK O Blaasaas, T Tynes, A lrgens, R T Lie
ŒfÚŽGOccup Environ Med: 2002: Vol. 59: p92-97

ŠT—vF
Objectives: To study the risk of birth defects by Parental occupational exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields.
–Ú“IG—¼e‚Ì50HzŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚ÆoŽY‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÌŠÖŒW‚𒲸B

Methods:
The Medical Birth Registry of Norway was linked with census data on Parental occupation.
An expert panel constructed a Job exposure matrix of Parental occupational exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields.
•û–@F

ƒmƒ‹ƒEƒF[‚̈ãŠw¶’a“o˜^‚Æ‘¨’²¸‚É‚¨‚¯‚é—¼e‚ÌE‹Æ‚ÆŠÖŒW•t‚¯‚½B
ê–å‰ÆƒOƒ‹[ƒv‚ª—¼e‚ÌEê‚Å‚Ì50HzŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I—Ê‚ð„‚µ—Ê‚éJob-Matrix‚ð쬂µ‚½B

Exposure to magnetic fields was estimated by combining branch and occupation into one of three exposure levels: < 4 hours, 4 - 24 hours, and > 24 hours /week above approximately 0.1uT.
EŽí‚ÆEê‚Ìî•ñ‚©‚ç“dŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ðAŽŸ‚Ì3‚‚̃JƒeƒSƒŠ[‚É•ª—Þ‚µ‚½B
1
ƒ~ƒŠƒKƒEƒXˆÈã‚Ì”˜˜I‚ª1TŠÔ‚Å4ŽžŠÔˆÈ“àA4|24ŽžŠÔA24ŽžŠÔˆÈã@‚Ì3ŒQ‚Å‚ ‚éB

Risks of 24 categories of birth defects were compared across exposure levels.
 Out of all 1.6 million births in Norway in the Period 1967 - 95, 836 475 and 1 290 298 births had information on maternal and Paternal exposure, respectively.
oŽYˆÙí‚Ì24‚̃JƒeƒSƒŠ[‚ÆŽ¥ŠE”˜˜IƒŒƒxƒ‹‚ð”äŠr‚µ‚½B
1967
”N‚©‚ç1995”N‚ÌŠÔ‚Ì160–œ’a¶“o˜^‚Ì’†‚©‚çA867475‚Ì•êe‚Ì”˜˜Iî•ñA1290298‚Ì•ƒe‚Ì”˜˜Iî•ñ‚ª“¾‚ç‚ꂽB

Analyses were based on tests for trend and were adjusted for parental educational level, place of birth, maternal age, and year of birth.
‰ðÍ‚Í—¼e‚Ì‹³ˆçƒŒƒxƒ‹A¶’a‚ÌêŠA•êe‚Ì”N—îA¶‚܂ꂽ”N‚ð’²®‚µ‚Äs‚Á‚½B

Results:
The total risk of birth defects was not associated with parental exposure.
Œ‹‰ÊG

‘S‘̂̃ŠƒXƒN‚Æ—¼e‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Maternal exposure was associated with increased risks of spina bifida (P = 0.04) and clubfoot (P = 0.04).
•êe‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚Í“ñ•ªÒ’ÅÇ‚Æ“à”½‘«‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚ÆŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½B

A negative association was found for isolated cleft palate (P = 0.01).
ŒûŠW—ô‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ă͉A«‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚ª‚ ‚Á‚½i’Êí‚æ‚èˆÙ킪­‚È‚­‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éjB

Paternal exposure was associated with increased risks of anencephaly (P= 0.01) and a category of other defects, (P = 0.02).
•ƒe‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍA–³”]Ç‚Æ‚»‚Ì‘¼‚̃JƒeƒSƒŠ[‚ŃŠƒXƒN‚ÉŠÖ˜A‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚½B

Conclusion:
The present study gives an indication of an association between selected disorders of the central nervous system and parental exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields.
Œ‹˜_G¡‰ñ‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍA—¼e‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ª’†•_ŒoŒn‚Ì“Á’è‚ÌŽ¾Š³‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚ðŽ¦‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

Given the crude exposure assessment, lack of comparable studies, and the high number of outcomes considered, the results should be interpreted with caution.
‚±‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚Í’ˆÓ[‚­‰ðŽß‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂Ȃç‚È‚¢B

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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‚U‚QD2003”NŽ¥ŠE‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñ‰A«Œ‹‰Ê


¶‚«¶‚«Œ’N@“úŒoNET@‚É‚ ‚Á‚½“à—e@
http://health.nikkei.co.jp/hsn/hl.cfm?i=20030708hk000hk

––––––––––––––––––@@–––––––––––––
“ûŠà‚Æ“dŽ¥ê‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A«‚ð”Û’è

‘½‚­‚ÌŠˆ“®‰Æ‚â‰ÈŠwŽÒ‚炪•ø‚¢‚Ä‚«‚½‹^”O‚É”½‚µA“dŽ¥ê‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚ª“ûŠà‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Æ‚Í‚È‚ç‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ªA‘‡“I‚ÈŒ¤‹†‚©‚ç–¾‚ç‚©‚É‚È‚Á‚½B

250
–œƒhƒ‹‚ð”ï‚₵‚½10”NŠÔ‚É‹y‚Ôuƒƒ“ƒOƒAƒCƒ‰ƒ“ƒh“ûŠàŒ¤‹†vƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg‚ÌŒ¤‹†ŽÒ‚ç‚É‚æ‚é‚ÆA‘—“dü‚â‰Æ’ë—p”zü‚¨‚æ‚ÑŠí‹ï‚É‚æ‚é“dŽ¥ê‚Æ“ûŠà‚̊Ԃɂ͉½‚ÌŠÖ˜A«‚à”F‚ß‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½A‚ƕăƒ“ƒOƒAƒCƒ‰ƒ“ƒhiƒjƒ…[ƒˆ[ƒNj‚ÌV•·ƒjƒ…[ƒXƒfƒC‚Í“`‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚éB
“ûŠà—«576l‚̉ƒë“à‚Ì“dŽ¥ê‚ÍA“ûŠà‚Å‚È‚¢—«585l‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚Æ•Ï‚í‚ç‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

ʼn‚ÉŠÖ˜A«‚ðŽ¦´‚µ‚½Šàê–åˆã‚ŕăRƒlƒ`ƒJƒbƒg‘åŠwŒ’NƒZƒ“ƒ^[‚̉uŠwŽÒRichard G. StevensŽ‚ÍA‚±‚ÌŒ‹‰Ê‚É“¯ˆÓ‚µAu‰Æ’ë“à‚Å’Ê팩‚ç‚ê‚é“dŽ¥êƒŒƒxƒ‹‚Å‚ÍA“ûŠàƒŠƒXƒN‚Í‘‘債‚È‚¢‚Æ‚¢‚¤—L—͂ȃGƒrƒfƒ“ƒX‚Å‚ ‚év‚ƃjƒ…[ƒXƒfƒC‚ÉŒê‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éB
Stevens
Ž‚ç‚ÍA“dŽ¥ê‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚ª”]‚ł̃ƒ‰ƒgƒjƒ“ŽY¶‚ð—}§‚µA‚»‚ÌŒ‹‰ÊA‚±‚ê‚Ü‚Å“ûŠà‚ÆŠÖ˜A‚¯‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚«‚½ƒGƒXƒgƒƒQƒ“‚ÌŽY¶—Ê‚ª‘‰Á‚·‚é‚Æ„’肵‚Ä‚¢‚½B
‚µ‚©‚µA¡‰ñ‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚É‚æ‚èˆê˜A‚Ì–â‘肪Žû‚Ü‚Á‚½A‚Æ•Ä‘—§ŠàŒ¤‹†Ši‚m‚b‚hj‚̃Xƒ|[ƒNƒXƒ}ƒ“‚͘b‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

[2003
”N6ŒŽ25“ú
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ðˆÈ‰º‚ÉŽ¦‚·B

ŒfÚŽFAm. J. Epidemiol. (2003) 158 (1): 47-58. 
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FElectromagnetic Fields and Breast Cancer on Long Island: A Case-Control Study
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFE. R. Schoenfeld, E. S. OfLeary, K. Henderson, et al:


Abstract
@@ŠT—v

The EMF and Breast Cancer on Long Island Study (EBCLIS) was a case-control study designed to evaluate the possible association between exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and breast cancer.
“dŽ¥”g‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñ‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚郃“ƒOƒAƒCƒ‰ƒ“ƒhŒ¤‹†‚ÍA“ûŠà‚ª“dŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ÉŠÖŒW‚·‚é‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢‚±‚Æ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä’²¸Œ¤‹†‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ð–Ú“I‚Æ‚µ‚½Ç—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚Å‚·B

Eligible women were participants in the population-based Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project, were under 75 years of age at enrollment, were residentially stable, and were identified between August 1, 1996, and June 20, 1997.
‘SZ–¯‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½ƒƒ“ƒOƒAƒCƒ‰ƒ“ƒh‚Ì“ûŠàŒ¤‹†ƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg‚Ì’†‚©‚ç“IŠm‚È—«‚ªŒ¤‹†‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚È‚Á‚½B

Of those eligible, 576 cases and 585 controls participated in EBCLIS (87% and 83%, respectively). In-home data collection included various spot and 24-hour EMF measurements, ground-current magnetic field measurements, wire mapping of overhead power lines servicing the home, and an interview.
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†•êW’c‚Ì’†‚©‚ç576–¼‚ÌÇ—á‚Æ585–¼‚Ì‘ÎÆŒQ‚ªŽQ‰Á‚µ‚½AŽQ‰Á—¦‚Í‘´X87%‚Æ83%‚Å‚ ‚éB‰Æ’ë“à‚ÅA24ŽžŠÔ‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‚̃Xƒ|ƒbƒg‘ª’èA‘Î’n“d—¬‚É‚æ‚鎥ŠE‘ª’èA‰Æ‰®‚̉®ŠO‚̉ˋó“dü‚Ì”züó‹µAƒCƒ“ƒ^ƒrƒ…[‚ðŠÜ‚ñ‚¾ƒf[ƒ^‚ðŽûW‚µ‚½B

Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were based on multivariate logistic regression analyses. All odds ratios were close to 1 and non-significant. For the highest quartile of 24-hour EMF measurements, the odds ratio was 0.97 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69, 1.37) in the bedroom and 1.09 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.51) in the most lived-in room.
95%
M—Š‹æŠÔ‚àŒvŽZ‚µ‚½BƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í‚P‚É‹ß‚­A—LˆÓ‚Å‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B24ŽžŠÔ“dŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I—Ê‚ð‹æ•ª‚µ‚½ŽžAÅ‚à‚‚¢”˜˜IŒQ‚ł̓IƒbƒY”ä‚ÍQŽº‚Å‚Ì”˜˜I‚Å‚Í0.97i95%M—Š‹æŠÔ‚Í0.69-1.37jAÅ‚à‘½‚­‹‚é•”‰®‚Å‚Ì”˜˜I‚ł̓IƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.09i95%M—Š‹æŠÔ0.78]1.51j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

For the highest exposure category of ground-current measurements, the odds ratio was 1.13 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.44) in the bedroom and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.38) in the most lived-in room.
Å‚à‚‚¢‘Î’n“d—¬‚É‚æ‚鎥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I‚Å‚ÍAQŽº‚Å‚Ì”˜˜I‚ŃIƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.13i95%M—Š‹æŠÔ0.88-1.44jAÅ‚à’·‚­‹‚é•”‰®‚Å‚Ì”˜˜I‚ł̓IƒbƒY”ä1.08i95%M—Š‹æŠÔ0.80-1.38j‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

These and other EBCLIS results agree with other recent reports of no association between breast cancer and residential EMF exposures.
‚±‚ÌŒ¤‹†‹y‚Ñ‘¼‚̃ƒ“ƒOƒAƒCƒ‰ƒ“ƒh“ûŠàŒ¤‹†ƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg‚ÌŒ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê‚ÍAZŠÂ‹«‰º‚É‚¨‚¯‚é“dŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñ‚ÌŠÔ‚É‚ÍŠÖ˜A‚ª‚È‚¢‚ÆŒ¾‚¢‚¤‘¼‚ÌŒ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê‚ƈê’v‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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63D“d—Í‚ÌÁ”ï—ʂƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŠÖŒW

‹LF‚Q‚O‚P‚V|‚P‚Q|‚Q‚S

u“d—ÍÁ”‘‚¦‚ê‚΂»‚ê‚É”º‚¤Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚à‘‚¦‚éB“ú–{‚⑼‚Ì‘‚Å‚Í‚±‚±20”N—ˆ¬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‚Í‘‰Á‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢B‚µ‚©‚µÁ”ï“d—Í‚Í’…ŽÀ‚É‘‰Á‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB“dŽ¥ŠE‚ª–{“–‚ɉe‹¿‚ ‚é‚Ì‚©H@‰e‹¿‚Í‚È‚¢‚Ì‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢‚©Hv‚Æ‚¢‚¤à‚ª‚ ‚éB

–ˆÈ‰º‚Ì‹ãB“d—͂̃TƒCƒg‚É‚ ‚Á‚½î•ñ‚ÍAu‰e‹¿‚Íu‚È‚¢v‚Æ‚·‚éà‚Å‚ ‚éB

 

ˆÈã‚Í‹ãB“d—Í‚Ì‚v‚d‚a‚É‚ ‚Á‚½“à—e‚ÅA‚Q‚O‚O‚R|‚R|‚U‚̃ƒO
‚Q‚O‚P‚V|‚P‚Q|‚Q‚R‚̃`ƒFƒbƒN‚Å‚ÍA“à—e‚ª‘å•‚ÉXV‚³‚êAã‹L‚Ìî•ñ‚Í휂³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB

–“ú–{‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚É—ÞŽ—‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚ª‚ ‚éB‹¾XE‚»‚¤‚¯“‡‚ç‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚Å‚ ‚éB

Œ¤‹†ŽÒF Shigeru Sokejima, Sadanobu Kagamimori, Toshiki Tatsumura
˜_•¶F Electric power consumption and leukemias death rate in Japan
ŒfÚŽGŽF THE LANCET Vol.348 o September 21, 1996 P21-822

‹¾XE‚»‚¤‚¯“‡‚ç‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚ÅA‘—“dü—R—ˆ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ª¬Ž™‚ª‚ñ‚Ȃǂ̊댯ˆöŽq‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ðŠm‚©‚ß‚éˆ×‚ÉAŒ`‘Ô‰uŠw‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚Ì‚Å‚µ‚傤‚©H ‚ ‚鎖ۂƔ­ƒKƒ“‚Ì‘Š‘ΓI‚ÈŠÖŒW‚𒲸‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·B
‘—“dü—R—ˆ‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ªŠëŒ¯ˆöŽq‚Å‚ ‚é‚È‚ç‚ÎA“d—ÍÁ”ï—Ê‚ª‘½‚¢êŠ‚Å‚ÍA‘å‚«‚¢‘—“dü“d—¬‚ª—¬‚êA“d—¬‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä‘å‚«‚ÈŽ¥ŠE‚ª”­¶‚µA‚»‚±‚Å‚ÍŠà‚ª‘½‚­‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢‚©‚Ɖ¼’肵‚½B
‘S‘“s“¹•{Œ§–ˆ‚Ì‚ª‚ñ‚ÌŽ€–S—¦‚ÆŠeŒ§‚ÌlŒû“–‚½‚è‚Ì“d—ÍÁ”ï—Ê‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚𒲂ׂ½B
Œ‹‰Ê‚ÍA“d—ÍÁ”‘½‚¢Œ§‚Å‚ÍŠà‚ÌŽ€–S—¦‚ª‰º‚ª‚é ‚Æ‚¢‚¤Œ‹‰Ê‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B
‚±‚ê‚ÍAŽ¥ŠE‚ªŠà‚̊댯—vˆö‚Å‚ ‚邱‚Æ‚ð”Û’è‚·‚錋‰Ê‚Æ‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚éB

–‚Q‚O‚O‚R”N‚RŒŽ‚S“ú“Œ‹ž‚ÅŠJ³‚ꂽ¶‘Ì“dŽ¥ŠEƒVƒ“ƒ|ƒWƒEƒ€‚Å‚ÍŠÖ˜A‚·‚é˜_‹c‚ª‚ ‚Á‚½B

Qi‘å‹v•Û ‘½‹CjF“d—ÍÁ”‘‚¦‚ê‚΂»‚ê‚É”º‚¤Ž¥ŠE–\˜I‚à‘‚¦‚éB
“ú–{‚Å‚Í‚±‚±20”N—ˆ¬Ž™”’ŒŒ•a‚Í‘‰Á‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢B
‚µ‚©‚µÁ”ï“d—Í‚Í’…ŽÀ‚É‘‰Á‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB
“dŽ¥ŠE‚ª–{“–‚ɉe‹¿‚ ‚é‚Ì‚©B

–P¼F“ú–{‚łͬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a‚Ì’nˆæ“o˜^‚ªŠ®‘S‚Å‚È‚¢‚Ì‚ÅA‘‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚Ç‚¤‚©•s–¾

–ŽRŒûF‰¼‚É‘Š‘Ί댯“x‚ð2‚Æ‚µ‚ÄA”’ŒŒ•a‘S‘Ì‚Ö‚ÌŽ¥ŠE‚ÌŠñ—^—¦‚ðŒvŽZ‚µ‚Ä‚Ý‚é‚Æ1%’ö“x‚Å‚ ‚éB
‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚ÄA‚±‚Ì’ö“x‚ÌŠñ—^—¦‚Å‚ ‚ê‚ÎA“d—ÍÁ”ï‚Ì‘‰Á‚Ƃ̈ö‰ÊŠÖŒW‚ð’Ç‚¢‚©‚¯‚Ä‚à‘½•ª‚‚©‚Ü‚ç‚È‚¢‚Å‚ ‚낤B

–{“ú‚ÌŒ‹˜_F
‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Æ‚©‚çA“d—ÍÁ”ï‚Ì‘‰Á‚Æ”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŠÖŒW‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚ÍŽ¥ŠE‚ªƒŠƒXƒN‘‰Á‚̈öŽq‚É‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢‚Ì‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢‚©‚Æ‚¢‚¤–TØ‚É‚Í‚È‚é‚©‚à‚µ‚ê‚È‚¢‚ªAŠmØ‚É‚Í‚È‚è‚»‚¤‚à‚È‚¢B

 

•Åƒgƒbƒv‚Ö–ß‚é

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64DŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŒ´ˆö@2018”NƒCƒMƒŠƒX‚ÌŒ¤‹†

‹LF‚Q‚O‚P‚X|‚W|‚P

Gigazine
‚̃TƒCƒg‚É‚ ‚Á‚½î•ñ‚Å‚·B
https://gigazine.net/news/20180522-cause-of-childhood-leukaemia/
––––––––––––––––––––––––––
‰½‚ªŽq‚Ç‚à‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚ðˆø‚«‹N‚±‚·‚Ì‚©‚ð‰ß‹Ž30”N‚Ì—lX‚ÈŒ¤‹†‚©‚番͂µ‚½Œ¤‹†ŽÒ‚ª”­•\
2018
”N05ŒŽ22“ú 21Žž30•ª

Žq‹Ÿ‚Ì‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚Í—T•Ÿ‚ȎЉï‚Å‘‰Á‚µ‚Ä‚¨‚èA‚»‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä“dŽ¥”g‚≻Šw•¨Ž¿‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚ª‹^‚í‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½B
‚»‚ñ‚È’†A‰ß‹Ž30”N‚És‚í‚ꂽˆâ“`ŽqŠwE×–E¶•¨ŠwE–ƉuŠwE‰uŠw‚È‚Ç‚Ì‘½”‚ÌŒ¤‹†Œ‹‰Ê‚©‚çA—c­Šú‚Ì”’ŒŒ•a‚Íuˆâ“`Žq•ÏˆÙv‚Æu¶‚Ü‚ê‚ÄŠÔ‚à‚È‚¢ ‚ÉŒoŒ±‚·‚銴õÇv‚ÉŒ´ˆö‚ª‚ ‚é‚Æ‚·‚錤‹†‚ª”­•\‚³‚ê‚Ü‚µ‚½B

Leading UK scientist reveals likely cause of childhood leukemia - The Institute of Cancer Research, London
https://www.icr.ac.uk/news-archive/leading-uk-scientist-reveals-likely-cause-of-childhood-leukaemia

A causal mechanism for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia | Nature Reviews
@Cancer
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41568-018-0015-6

Missing microbes CAUSE childhood cancer - BBC News
http://www.bbc.com/news/health-44199844

ƒƒ“ƒhƒ“‚Ì‚ª‚ñŒ¤‹†‹@ŠÖ‚ÉŠ‘®‚·‚éMel Greaves‹³Žö‚ÍŽ©g‚⢊E’†‚ÌŠe•ª–ì‚ÌŒ¤‹†ŽÒ‚ªs‚Á‚½‰ß‹Ž30”N‚ÌŒ¤‹†‚©‚çA‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Æ‚µ‚ÄA“dŽ¥”g‚≻Šw•¨Ž¿‚Æ‚ÌŠÖ˜A‚ð”ے肵‚Ü‚µ‚½B

‹}«ƒŠƒ“ƒp«”’ŒŒ•a‚Í—T•Ÿ‚ȎЉï‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä‘‰Á‚µ‚Ä‚¨‚èA2018”NŽž“_‚Å‚à”N1“‚ÌŠ„‡‚Å‘‰Á’†‚Å‚·B
Greaves
‹³Žö‚ÍA”’ŒŒ•a‚É‚Íu•êe‚Ì‘Ù“à‚É‘¶Ý‚·‚鎞‚ɶ‚¶‚éˆâ“`Žq•ÏˆÙv‚Æu—cŽ™Šú‚É•aŒ´‹Û‚ÉÚ‚µ‚È‚¢‚±‚Æv‚ªŠÖŒW‚µA‚±‚Ì2‚‚̗v‘f‚ª‘g‚݇‚킳‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚Å—c­Šú‚̖Ɖu•s‘S‚â”’ŒŒ•a‚ªˆø‚«‹N‚±‚³‚ê‚邱‚ÆŽ¦‚µ‚Ü‚µ‚½B
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Leading UK scientist reveals likely cause of childhood leukemia - The Institute of Cancer Research, London
https://www.icr.ac.uk/news-archive/leading-uk-scientist-reveals-likely-cause-of-childhood-leukaemia
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Professor Greaves challenged previous reports of possible environmental causes, such as ionizing radiation, electricity cables, electromagnetic waves or man-made chemicals – arguing that none are supported by robust evidence as major causes.
Greaves
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‚U‚TD‚c‚… Roos‚ç‚ÌE‹Æ”˜˜I‚Æ_Œo‰è×–EŽî‚ÌŒ¤‹†2001”N

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ŒfÚŽFEPIDEMIOLOGY 2001;12:508-517
˜_•¶–¼FParental Occupational Exposures to Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation and the Incidence of Neuroblastoma in Offspring
e‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÆŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì_Œo‰è×–EŽî‚̜늳—¦
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFAnneclaire J. De Roos, Kay Teschke, et al;

ŠT—vF
We examined parental occupational exposures to electromagnetic fields and radiation and the incidence of neuroblastoma in offspring.
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Cases were 538 children diagnosed with neuroblastoma between 1992 and 1994 in the United States or Canada.
Ç—á‚Í1992”N‚©‚ç1994”N‚̊ԂɃAƒƒŠƒJ‚ƃJƒiƒ_‚Å_Œo‰è×–EŽî‚Æf’f‚³‚ꂽ538—á‚Å‚ ‚éB

Age-matched controls were selected by random-digit dialing.
”N—î‚𒲘a‚³‚¹‚½‘ÎÆŒQ‚ðƒ‰ƒ“ƒ_ƒ€“d˜bƒ_ƒCƒ„ƒ‹‚Å‘I‘ð‚µ‚½B

Occupational exposures to electrical equipment and radiation sources were classified by an industrial hygienist, and average exposures to extremely low frequency magnetic fields were estimated using a job exposure matrix.
E‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚ÍŽY‹Æ‰q¶‚Ìê–å‰Æ‚ª‹æ•ª‚µ‚½A•½‹Ï’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚Ì”˜˜I’l‚Í‚i‚‚‚ƒ}ƒgƒŠƒbƒNƒX‚É‚æ‚Á‚Ä„’è‚ðs‚Á‚½B

Maternal exposure to a broad grouping of sources that produce radiofrequency radiation was associated with an increased incidence of neuroblastoma (odds ratio = 2.8; 95% confidence interval = 0.9-8.7).
•êe‚ª–³üŽü”g”“d”g‚Ì‚æ‚邳‚Ü‚´‚Ü‚È”­MŒ¹‚©‚ç“dŽ¥ŠE‚É”˜˜I‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éê‡AŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì_Œo‰è×–EŽî‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Í‘‰Á‚µAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í2.8@95“M—Š«‹æŠÔ‚Í0.9-8.7‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B

Paternal exposure to battery-powered forklifts was positively associated with neuroblastoma (odds ratio = 1.6; 95% confidence interval = 0.8-3.2), as were some types of equipment that emit radiofrequency radiation (odds ratios 2.0); however, the broad groupings of sources that produce ELF fields, radiofrequency radiation, or ionizing radiation were not associated with neuroblastoma.
•ƒe‚ª“d’r‹ì“®‚̃tƒH[ƒNƒŠƒtƒg‚ðŽg—p‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éê‡AŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì_Œo‰è×–EŽî‚ÆŠÖ˜A‚ª‚ ‚èAƒIƒbƒY”ä‚Í1.6iM—Š«‹æŠÔF0.8-3.2jA“¯—l‚ÉA–³üŽü”g”‚ð”­M‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚ ‚éŽí‚Ì‹@Ší‚ÌŽg—p‚ł̓IƒbƒY”ä‚Í2.0‚Å‚ ‚Á‚½B‚µ‚©‚µA‚³‚Ü‚´‚Ü‚È‚d‚k‚e“dŽ¥ŠEE–³üŽü”g”E“d—£•úŽËü‚ð•úŽË‚·‚é•úŽËŒ¹‚Æ‚ÌŠÖŒW‚Í‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

Paternal average extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure >0.4 microTesla was weakly associated with neuroblastoma (odds ratio = 1.6; 95% confidence interval = 0.9-2.8), whereas maternal exposure was not.
•ƒe‚ª•½‹Ï0.4ƒÊƒeƒXƒ‰ˆÈã‚Ì’áŽü”gŽ¥ŠE‚É”˜˜I‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éꇂÍA_Œo‰è×–EŽî‚Æ‚ÌŽã‚¢ŠÖ˜A‚ª‚ ‚Á‚½‚ªA•êe‚Ìꇂ͊֘A‚ª‚È‚©‚Á‚½B{

Overall, there was scant supportive evidence of strong associations between parental exposures in electromagnetic spectrum and neuroblastoma in offspring.
“Z‚ß‚é‚ÆAe‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE–\˜I‚ÆŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì_Œo‰è×–EŽî‚ª‹­‚¢ŠÖ˜A«‚ª‚ ‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤‚±‚Ƃɑ΂µ‚ÄAŽã‚¢‚È‚ª‚çŽxŽ‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éB

 

 


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‚U‚UD1997”N Tynes‚ç‚̃mƒ‹ƒEƒF[@‘—“dü‚ƬŽ™‚ª‚ñ‚̉uŠwŒ¤‹†

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EMF Portal
‚̃TƒCƒg‚É‚ ‚Á‚½î•ñ‚ðˆê•”‰ÁH‚µ‚½B

ŒfÚŽ: Am J Epidemiol 1997; 145 (3): 219-226
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FElectromagnetic Fields and cancer in children residing near Norwegian high-voltage power lines.
ƒmƒ‹ƒEƒF[‚Ì‚ˆ³“d—Íü‚Ì‹ß‚­‚ÉZ‚ÞŽq‹Ÿ‚Ì“dŽ¥ŠE‚Æ‚ª‚ñ
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Tynes T, Haldorsen T

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‚U‚VD1999”N Mcbride‚ç‚̃Jƒiƒ_Ž¥ŠE‚ƬŽ™‚ª‚ñ‚̉uŠw

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ŒfÚŽ: Am J Epidemiol 1999; 149 (9): 831-842
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FPower-frequency electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia in Canada.
ƒJƒiƒ_‚É‚¨‚¯‚é“d—ÍŽü”g”“dŠE‹y‚ÑŽ¥ŠE‚ƬŽ™”’ŒŒ•a‚̃ŠƒXƒN
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: McBride ML, Gallagher RP, Theriault G, et al;

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ŒfÚŽ: Environ Health Perspect 2001; 109: 911-933
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FReview of the epidemiologic literature on EMF and Health.
EMF
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Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Ahlbom A, Cardis E, Green A, Linet M, Savitz D, Swerdlow A

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‚U‚XD2006”NƒAƒƒŠƒJ‚ÌFoliart‚çAŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ƬŽ™‚ª‚ñŒ¤‹†

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ŒfÚŽFBr J Cancer 2006; 94 (1): 161-164 
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FMagnetic field exposure and long-term survival among children with leukemia.
⽩⾎•a‚Ì‚Ç‚à‚ÌŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚ÆŠú“I‚È‘¶—¦
Œ¤‹†ŽÒFFoliart DE, Pollock BH, Mezei G, Iriye R, et al;

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‚V‚OD1996”NCoogan‚ç‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚ÈŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñ‚ÌŒ¤‹†

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ŒfÚŽFEpidemiology 1996; 7 (5): 459-464
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FOccupational exposure to 60-hertz magnetic fields and risk of breast cancer in women.
•wl‚Ì60HzŽ¥ŠE‚Ö‚ÌE‹Æ”˜˜I‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñƒŠƒXƒN
Œ¤‹†ŽÒ:Coogan PF, Clapp RW, Newcomb PA, et al;

ŠT—v
We used data from a large population-based case-control study to test the hypothesis that women whose "usual occupation" entailed exposure to higher than background 60 Hz magnetic fields had a higher risk of breast cancer than women without such exposure. 
—«‚ÌE‹ÆãA‚U‚OHzŽ¥ŠE”˜˜I‚Í”wŒi—Ê‚æ‚è‘å‚«‚¢ê‡A‚»‚¤‚Å‚È‚¢—«‚É”ä‚ׂÄA“û‚ª‚ñ‚ւ̃ŠƒXƒN‚ª‚‚¢‚Æ‚·‚鉼à‚ðŠm‚©‚߂邽‚ß‚ÉA‘å‹K–Í‚ÈlŒûƒx[ƒX‚ÌÇ—á‘ÎÆŒ¤‹†‚̃f[ƒ^‚ð—p‚¢‚½A

Breast cancer cases were identified from four statewide tumor registries, and controls were randomly selected from lists of licensed drivers and Medicare beneficiaries.
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Information on usual occupation and breast cancer risk factors was obtained by telephone interview.
’Êí‚ÌE‹Æ‚Æ“û‚ª‚ñƒŠƒXƒN—vˆö‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚éî•ñ‚Í“d˜bƒCƒ“ƒ^ƒrƒ…[‚Å“¾‚½B

We calculated adjusted odds ratios from logistic regression models for women holding occupations with potential for low, medium, or high magnetic field exposure, compared with background exposure.
‘ÎÛŽÒ‚ÌE‹Æ“I‚È”˜˜I‚ð”wŒi”˜˜I‚É”ä‚ׂĒႢA’†’ö“xA‚‚¢‚Æ‚µ‚ÄAƒƒWƒXƒeƒbƒN‰ñ‹A‰ð͂ŃIƒbƒY”ä‚ðŒvŽZ‚µ‚½B

There was a modest increase in risk for women with potential for high exposure [odds ratio (OR) = 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99-2.09], and no increase for women with potential for medium (OR = 1.09; 95% CI= 0.83-1.42) or low (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.91-1.15) exposure. 
”˜˜I‚ª‚‚¢‚Æ‚µ‚½ŒQ‚Å‚Í“û‚ª‚ñ‚̃ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰ÁiƒIƒbƒY”ä1.43@95%CIF0.99]2.09j‚ªŒ©‚ç‚êA’†’ö“x‚Ì”˜˜IŒQiƒIƒbƒY”äF1.09j‚Æ’á‚¢”˜˜IŒQiƒIƒbƒY”äG1.02j‚ł̓ŠƒXƒN‚Ì‘‰Á‚ÍŒ©‚ç‚ê‚È‚©‚Á‚½B

The risk among pre­menopausal women in the highest exposure category was higher (OR= 1.98; 95% CI = 1.04-3.78) than for postmenopausal women (OR= 1.33; 95% CI= 0.82—2. 17).
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‚QjŒ³ƒlƒ^‚ÍBBC‚̃jƒ…[ƒX

news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/933678.stm
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Thursday, 21 September, 2000, 00:37 GMT 01:37 UK
Cancer rise linked to power lines

Dr Preece's own work is yet to be published officially.
But a conference in Germany earlier this year of the Bio electromagnetics Society heard that it suggested an average increase in the cancer risk of 29% over the expected rate.
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http://www.asyura2.com/sora/bd10/msg/368.html

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ŒfÚŽFBioelectromagnetics (BEMS) 23rd Annual Scientific Conference; June 10-14, 2001. St Paul, MN, USA.
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹F3-3FCANCER AND HIGH VOLTAGE POWERLINES WITH RESPECT TO WIND DIRECTION.
Œ¤‹†ŽÒF A. Preece, M.G. Wright*, G.R. Iwi*, E. Dunn*, D.J. Etherington*

BACKGROUND: The past 20 years has seen considerable research into the health effects of exposure to power frequency magnetic fields, where a number of studies, notably those near high voltage power lines
@have suggested an association with childhood leukemia  .

These studies have looked at cases of cancer within 50m of power lines (the range of the magnetic field)2 and have considered only distance and not prevailing wind direction; at these distances any wind direction effects are likely to be obscured.

Recent studies have suggested that 
aerosols produced by very high voltage lines might combine with pollutants and indirectly might be a mechanism for increased cancer rates .@

RESULTS: The ratio of the observed to expected number of cancer registrations up or down wind with the 95% confidence intervals were compared for different cancers (Table 1).

There is a statistically different incidence (raised) downwind compared to upwind for mouth and respiratory cancer, but no differences for combined stomach and colorectal cancer.
@

For the "false lines", the only significant result is a lower incidence downwind for stomach and colorectal cancers. As can be seen in Figure 1, there are some small differences in the age distribution of the two populations when down and up wind are compared as a ratio.
@

There are similar problems with considering socio-economic status. This and age has implications for smoking behaviour. This study is now being expanded to cover the complete South and West Cancer Intelligence Unit region - population 4.9 million compared to 1 million in Avon. 
@

The resulting increase in cancer registrations should reduce the confidence intervals and allow correction factors to be added to account for the different age distributions.

 

 

gFalse lines" in Avon

Cases

Real lines in Avon County

Cases

All Cancers‘SŠà

Downwind

0.97 (0.94-1.00)

4113

1.05 (1.02-1.08)

4028

 

Upwind

1.00 (0.97-1.03)

 

1.00 (0.97-1.03)

 

Mouth@Ξ

Downwind

1.04 (0.80-1.28)

58

1.43 (1.15-1.71)

43

C00-C14

Upwind

1.00 (0.73-1.27)

 

1.00 (0.71-1.29)

 

RespiratorŒÄ‹zŠí

Downwind

1.04 (0.96-1.12)

559

1.11 (1.02-1.20)

530

C30-C37

Upwind

1.00 (0.91-1.09)

 

1.00 (0.92-1.08)

 

DigestiveÁ‰»Ší

Downwind

0.91 (0.84-0.98)

802

0.98 (0.91-1.05)

762

C15-C26

Upwind

1.00 (0.93-1.07)

 

1.00 (0.93-1.07)

 

Table 1: The incidence of cancer upwind or downwind of high voltage powerlines. Observed/expected (95% C.I.) based on an estimate of population (with the statistically significant differences in bold)@


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ŒfÚŽFAmerican Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 142, Issue 5, 1 September 1995, Pages 515–524,
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FOccupations with Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields: A Possible Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease
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Œ¤‹†ŽÒFEugene Sobel, Zoreh Davanipour, Joseph D. Bowman, at al:

Abstract
@ŠT—v
The authors present analyses of data from three independent clinical series and controls indicating an association between working in occupations with probable medium to high exposure to extremely low frequency (<300 Hz) electromagnetic fields and sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
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Case-control analyses were carried out using data from patients examined at the following locations: the Department of Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, 1982–1985; the Koskela Hospital in Helsinki, 1977–1978; and the University of Southern California site of the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of Los Angeles and Orange Counties, 1984–1993.
3
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The predominant occupations among medium (2–10mG or >10mG intermittently) to high (>10mG or >100mG intermittently) exposed cases were seamstress, dressmaker, and tailor.
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The results appear to be independent of education, and the sex-combined odds ratios for the three series are quite homogeneous 2 9, 3.1, and 3.0.
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The odds ratio for the three series analyzed together is 3.0 (p < 0.001), with a 95% confidence interval of 1.6–5.4.
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The odds ratio for women is 3.8 (p < 0.001), with a 95% confidence interval of 1 7–8.6.
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The most obvious, possibly etiologically relevant exposure is that of electromagnetic fields, which may have biologic plausibility because they may adversely influence calcium homeostasis and/or inappropriately activate immune system cells such as microglial cells, initiating events that result in neuronal degeneration.
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‚ÍŒ¤‹†ŽÒ‚̈êl Bowman‚æ‚è“üŽèÏ‚ÝB

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ŒfÚŽ: Environ Res 2022; 204 Pt A: 111993
ƒ^ƒCƒgƒ‹FPooled analysis of recent studies of magnetic fields and childhood leukemia
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Œ¤‹†ŽÒ: Amoon AT, Swanson J, Magnani C, Johansen C, Kheifets L

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1996
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gElectrical and Biological Effects of Transmission Lines: A Reviewh,
Jack M. Lee,
Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon, December 1996
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School district may vote on relocating power lines
Carol Sowers
Sept. 26A 2006 12:00 AM

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